磁强计






先驱者十号和十一号上的氦矢量磁强计


磁强计（英语：magnetometer）指的是各种用于测量磁场的仪器，也称磁力仪、高斯计。


在国际单位制中描述磁场的物理量是磁感应强度，单位是特斯拉。由于1特斯拉意味着非常强的磁场，地球科学上常用纳特（nT）来作为测量单位，工程上常用的CGS制（厘米-克-秒制）中，单位则是高斯。在早期，电磁领域高斯单位盛行，因此磁强计也称为高斯计。


磁感应强度是矢量，具有大小和方向特征，只测量磁感应强度大小的磁强计称为标量磁强计，而能够测量特定方向磁场大小的磁强计称为矢量磁强计。


能够测量磁场的物理原理有很多，根据不同原理进行分类，常见标量磁强计原理有质子旋进磁强计，Overhauser磁强计，碱金属光泵磁强计等，常见的矢量磁强计有磁通门磁强计、磁阻磁强计等。



外部連結






维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：Magnetometer


  • Earthquake forecasting techniques and more research on the study of electromagnetic fields

  • Dan's Homegrown Proton Precession Magnetometer Page

  • USGS Geomagnetism Program

  • A home built PPM that actually works

  • Earth's Field NMR (EFNMR)

  • Magnetic archaeological prospection (Swedish National Heritage Board)

  • Magnetometer – Measuring the magnetic field of Earth

  • Example of a portable EMF meter

  • Space-based magnetometers

  • Practical guidelines for building a magnetometer by hobbyists – Part 1 Introduction

  • Practical guidelines for building a magnetometer by hobbyists – Part 2 Building


  • The new INTERMAGNET 1-second standard fluxgate magnetometer. V.Korepanov, A. Marusenkov (Lviv Centre of Institute for Space Research, Lviv, Ukraine), J.Rasson (Royal Meteorological Institute, Dourbes, Belgium)




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