County Tipperary
County Tipperary Contae Thiobraid Árann | ||
|---|---|---|
| ||
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| Country | Ireland | |
| Province | Munster | |
| County towns | Nenagh / Clonmel | |
| Dáil Éireann | Tipperary | |
| EU Parliament | South | |
| Government | ||
| • Type | County Council | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 4,305 km2 (1,662 sq mi) | |
| Area rank | 6th | |
| Population (2016) | 160,441 | |
| • Rank | 12th | |
| Vehicle index mark code | T | |
| Website | www.tipperarycoco.ie | |
County Tipperary (Irish: Contae Thiobraid Árann) is a county in Ireland. It is located in the province of Munster. The county is named after the town of Tipperary, and was established in the early thirteenth century, shortly after the Norman invasion of Ireland. The population of the entire county was 160,441 at the 2016 census.[1] The largest towns are Clonmel, Nenagh and Thurles.
Tipperary County Council is the local government authority for the county. Between 1838 and 2014 county Tipperary was divided into two Ridings/ counties, North Tipperary and South Tipperary, which were unified under the Local Government Reform Act 2014, which came into effect following the 2014 local elections on 3 June 2014.[2]
Contents
1 Geography and political subdivisions
1.1 Baronies
1.2 Civil parishes and townlands
1.3 Towns and villages
2 History
3 Local government and politics
4 Culture
5 Irish language
6 Economy
7 Transport
7.1 Railways
8 Sports
9 Places of interest
10 Notable people
11 See also
12 References
12.1 Bibliography
13 External links
Geography and political subdivisions
The Galtee Mountains seen from the Glen of Aherlow.
Tipperary is the sixth largest of the 32 counties by area and the 12th largest by population.[3] It is the third largest of Munster's 6 counties by size and the third largest by population. It is also the largest landlocked county in Ireland. The region is part of the central plain of Ireland, but the diverse terrain contains several mountain ranges: the Knockmealdown, the Galtee, the Arra Hills and the Silvermine Mountains. Most of the county is drained by the River Suir; the north-western part by tributaries of the River Shannon; the eastern part by the River Nore; the south-western corner by the Munster Blackwater. No part of the county touches the coast. The centre is known as 'the Golden Vale', a rich pastoral stretch of land in the Suir basin which extends into counties Limerick and Cork.
Baronies
There are 12 historic baronies in County Tipperary: Clanwilliam, Eliogarty, Iffa and Offa East, Iffa and Offa West, Ikerrin, Kilnamanagh Lower, Kilnamanagh Upper, Middle Third, Ormond Lower, Ormond Upper, Owney and Arra and Slievardagh.
Civil parishes and townlands
Parishes were delineated after the Down Survey as an intermediate subdivision, with multiple townlands per parish and multiple parishes per barony. The civil parishes had some use in local taxation and were included on the nineteenth century maps of the Ordnance Survey of Ireland.[4] For poor law purposes, District Electoral Divisions replaced the civil parishes in the mid-nineteenth century. There are 199 civil parishes in the county.[5] Townlands are the smallest officially defined geographical divisions in Ireland; there are 3,159 townlands in the county.[6]
Towns and villages
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1600 | 23,454 | — |
| 1610 | 25,667 | +9.4% |
| 1653 | 31,597 | +23.1% |
| 1659 | 26,684 | −15.5% |
| 1821 | 346,896 | +1200.0% |
| 1831 | 402,563 | +16.0% |
| 1841 | 435,553 | +8.2% |
| 1851 | 331,567 | −23.9% |
| 1861 | 249,106 | −24.9% |
| 1871 | 216,713 | −13.0% |
| 1881 | 199,612 | −7.9% |
| 1891 | 173,188 | −13.2% |
| 1901 | 160,232 | −7.5% |
| 1911 | 152,433 | −4.9% |
| 1926 | 141,015 | −7.5% |
| 1936 | 137,835 | −2.3% |
| 1946 | 136,014 | −1.3% |
| 1951 | 133,313 | −2.0% |
| 1956 | 129,415 | −2.9% |
| 1961 | 123,822 | −4.3% |
| 1966 | 122,812 | −0.8% |
| 1971 | 123,565 | +0.6% |
| 1979 | 133,741 | +8.2% |
| 1981 | 135,261 | +1.1% |
| 1986 | 136,619 | +1.0% |
| 1991 | 132,772 | −2.8% |
| 1996 | 133,535 | +0.6% |
| 2002 | 140,131 | +4.9% |
| 2006 | 149,244 | +6.5% |
| 2011 | 158,754 | +6.4% |
| 2016 | 160,441 | +1.1% |
[7][8][9][10][11][12] | ||
Ahenny – Áth Eine
Ardfinnan – Ard Fhíonáin
Ballina – Béal an Átha
Ballingarry – Baile an Gharraí
Ballyclerahan – Baile Uí Chléireacháin
Ballylooby – Béal Átha Lúbaigh
Ballyporeen – Béal Átha Póirín
Bansha – An Bháinseach
Birdhill – Cnocán an Éin Fhinn
Borrisokane – Buiríos Uí Chéin
Borrisoleigh – Buiríos Ó Luigheach
Cahir – An Chathair / Cathair Dún Iascaigh
Cappawhite – An Cheapach na Bhfaoiteach
Carrick-on-Suir – Carraig na Siúire
Cashel – Caiseal
Castleiney – Caisleán Aoibhne
Clogheen – Chloichín an Mhargaid
- Cloneen
Clonmel – Cluain Meala
Clonmore – An Cluain Mhór
Clonoulty – Cluain Ultaigh
Cloughjordan – Cloch Shiurdáin
Coalbrook – Glaise na Ghuail
Cullen – Cuilleann
Donohill – Dún Eochaille
Drangan – Dun Drongan
Drom – Drom
Dromineer – Drom Inbhir
Dualla – Dubhaille
Dundrum – Dún Droma
Emly – Imleach Iubhair
Fethard – Fiodh Ard
Golden – An Gabhailín
Gortnahoe – Gort na hUamha
Grangemockler – Grainseach Mhocleir
Hollyford – Áth an Chuillinn
Holycross – Mainistir na Croiche
Horse and Jockey – An Marcach
Killenaule – Cill Náile
Kilmoyler – Cill Mhaoileachair
Kilsheelan – Cill Siolain
Killoscully - Cill Ó Scolaí
Knockgraffon – Cnoc Rafann
Lisronagh – Lios Ruanach
Littleton – An Baile Beag
Lorrha – Lothra
Loughmore – Luach Magh
Milestone – Cloch an Mhíle
Nenagh – An tAonach
New Birmingham – Gleann an Ghuail
New Inn – Loch Cheann
Newport – An Tulach Sheasta
Ninemilehouse – Tigh na Naoi Míle
Rearcross – Crois na Rae
Roscrea – Ros Cré
Rosegreen – Faiche Ró
Rathcabbin – An Rath Cabbàn
Templemore – An Teampall Mór
Thurles – Durlas
Tipperary – Tiobraid Árann
Toomevara – Tuaim Uí Mheára
Two-Mile Borris – Buiríos Léith
Upperchurch – An Teampall Uachtarach
Silvermines- Beal Atha Gabhann
History
The Rock of Cashel, seat of the Kings of Munster
Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the Kingdom of Munster was claimed as a lordship. By 1210, the sheriffdom of Munster shired into the shires of Tipperary and Limerick.[13] In 1328, Tipperary was granted to the Earls of Ormond as a county palatine or liberty.[13] The grant excluded church lands such as the archiepiscopal see of Cashel, which formed the separate county of Cross Tipperary.[13] Though the Earls gained jurisdiction over the church lands in 1662, "Tipperary and Cross Tipperary" were not definitively united until the County Palatine of Tipperary Act 1715, when the 2nd Duke of Ormond was attainted for supporting the Jacobite rising of 1715.[14][15]
The county was divided once again in 1838.[16] The county town of Clonmel, where the grand jury held its twice-yearly assizes, is at the southern limit of the county, and roads leading north were poor, making the journey inconvenient for jurors resident there.[16] A petition to move the county town to a more central location was opposed by the MP for Clonmel, so instead the county was split into two "ridings"; the grand jury of the South Riding continued to meet in Clonmel, while that of the North Riding met in Nenagh.[16] When the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 established county councils to replace the grand jury for civil functions, the ridings became separate "administrative counties" with separate county councils.[16] Their names were changed from "Tipperary North/South Riding" to "North/South Tipperary" by the Local Government Act 2001, which redesignated all "administrative counties" as simply "counties".[17] The Local Government Reform Act 2014 has amalgamated the two counties and restored a single county of Tipperary.[18]
Local government and politics
Following the Local Government Reform Act 2014, Tipperary County Council is the local government authority for the county. The authority is a merger of two separate authorities North Tipperary County Council and South Tipperary County Council which operated up until June 2014. The local authority is responsible for certain local services such as sanitation, planning and development, libraries, the collection of motor taxation, local roads and social housing. The county is part of the South constituency for the purposes of European elections. For elections to Dáil Éireann, the constituency used is: Tipperary. It returns five deputies (TDs) to the Dáil.
Culture
Tipperary is referred to as the "Premier County", a description attributed to Thomas Davis, Editor of The Nation newspaper in the 1840s as a tribute to the nationalistic feeling in Tipperary and said[citation needed] that "where Tipperary leads, Ireland follows".
Tipperary was the subject of the famous song "It's a Long Way to Tipperary" written by Jack Judge, whose grandparents came from the county. It was popular with regiments of the British army during World War I.
The song "Slievenamon", which is traditionally associated with the county, was written by Charles Kickham from Mullinahone, and is commonly sung at sporting fixtures involving the county.[19]
Irish language
There are 979 Irish speakers in County Tipperary attending the five Gaelscoileanna (Irish language primary schools) and two Gaelcholáistí (Irish language secondary schools).[20]
Economy
The area around Clonmel is the economic hub of the county: to the east of the town the manufacturers Bulmers (brewers) and Merck & Co. (pharmaceuticals). There is much fertile land, especially in the region known as the Golden Vale, one of the richest agricultural areas in Ireland. Dairy farming and cattle raising are the principal occupations.[citation needed] Other industries are slate quarrying and the manufacture of meal and flour.
Tipperary is famous for its horse breeding industry and is the home of Coolmore Stud, the largest thoroughbred breeding operation in the world.[21]
Tourism plays a significant role in County Tipperary – Lough Derg, Thurles, Rock of Cashel, Ormonde Castle, Ahenny High Crosses, Cahir Castle, Bru Boru Heritage Centre and Tipperary Crystal are some of the primary tourist destinations in the county.
Transport
Road transport dominates in County Tipperary. The M7 motorway crosses the north of the county through Roscrea and Nenagh and the M8 motorway bisects the county from north of Two-Mile Borris to the County Limerick border. Both routes are among some of the busiest roads on the island. The Limerick to Waterford N24 crosses the southern half of Tipperary, travelling through Tipperary Town, Bansha, north of Cahir and around Clonmel and Carrick-on-Suir.
Railways
Tipperary also has a number of railway stations situated on the Dublin-Cork line, Dublin-to-Limerick and Limerick-Waterford line. The railway lines connect places in Tipperary with Cork, Dublin Heuston, Waterford, Limerick, Mallow and Galway.
Sports
County Tipperary has a strong association with the Gaelic Athletic Association which was founded in Thurles in 1884. The Gaelic Games of Hurling, Gaelic football, Camogie and Handball are organised by the Tipperary GAA County Board of the GAA. The organisation competes in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship and the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship. Tipperary, with 27 wins, are the only county to have won an all-Ireland title in every decade since the 1880s.
Horse racing takes place at Tipperary Racecourse, Thurles Racecourse and Clonmel Racecourse.
Places of interest
Ardfinnan Castle, Ardfinnan.
- Ardfinnan Castle
- Athassel Priory
- Cahir Castle
- Coolmore Stud
Devil's Bit – a mountain near Templemore- Dromineer
Galtymore – a munro, and the highest mountain in County Tipperary (919m).- Glen of Aherlow
- Glengarra Wood
- Holy Cross Abbey
- Kilcash Castle
- Lorrha
- Lough Derg
- Mitchelstown Cave
Ormonde Castle, Carrick-on-Suir
Redwood Castle (Castle Egan)- Rock of Cashel
Slievenamon – mountain associated with many Irish legends (721m)
Notable people
Anne Anderson, ambassador to the United States
John Desmond Bernal, controversial twentieth-century scientist
Dan Breen, Irish Republican during the Irish War of Independence, later a TD for the county.
William Butler, nineteenth-century army officer, writer, and adventurer
Peter Campbell, founder of the Uruguayan navy
The Clancy Brothers, folk music group
Paddy Clancy, singer, harmonicist
Tom Clancy, singer, actor
Bobby Clancy, singer, banjoist
Liam Clancy, singer, guitarist
Kerry Condon, actress
Frank Corcoran, composer
Dayl Cronin, singer, member of boyband Hometown
John N. Dempsey, Governor of Connecticut (1961–71)
Dennis Dewane, American politician
John M. Feehan, author and publisher
Frank Fitzgerald, American politician
Una Healy, singer, member of the girl group The Saturdays
Patrick Hobbins, American politician
Tom Kiely, Olympic gold medalist
Shane MacGowan*, musician, songwriter, member of The Pogues
Martin O'Meara, recipient of the Victoria Cross
Frank Patterson, tenor
Ramsay Weston Phipps, military historian
Rozanna Purcell, model, winner of Miss Universe Ireland 2010.
Adi Roche, Campaigner for peace, humanitarian aid and education, founder and chief executive of Chernobyl Children International
Richard Lalor Sheil, politician, writer, and orator
Pat Shortt, actor, comedian, and entertainer
Laurence Sterne, author and clergyman, most famous for Tristram Shandy
Denis Lynch, showjumper
Lena Rice, Wimbledon Tennis Champion
Seán Treacy, Irish Republican during the Irish War of Independence
- Alan Kelly
See also
- Annals of Inisfallen
- High Sheriff of Tipperary
- List of civil parishes of County Tipperary
- List of abbeys and priories in the Republic of Ireland (County Tipperary)
- List of National Monuments in South Tipperary
- Lord Lieutenant of Tipperary
Tipperary Hill, a neighbourhood in Syracuse, New York, United States, inhabited by many descendants of County Tipperary.- Vehicle registration plates of Ireland
References
^ [1] Census 2016.
^ "Tipperary County Council". Tipperary County Council. 29 May 2014.Tipperary County Council will become an official unified authority on Tuesday, 3rd June 2014. The new authority combines the existing administration of North Tipperary County Council and South Tipperary County Council.
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^ Corry, Eoghan (2005). The GAA Book of Lists. Hodder Headline Ireland. pp. 186–91.
^ "Interactive map (civil parish boundaries viewable in Historic layer)". Mapviewer. Ordnance Survey of Ireland. Retrieved 9 March 2010.
^ "Placenames Database of Ireland – Tipperary civil parishes". Logainm.ie. 13 December 2010. Archived from the original on 20 September 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
^ "Placenames Database of Ireland – Tipperary townlands". Logainm.ie. 13 December 2010. Archived from the original on 20 September 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
^ For 1653 and 1659 figures from Civil Survey Census of those years, Paper of Mr Hardinge to Royal Irish Academy 14 March 1865.
^ "Census for post 1821 figures". Cso.ie. Retrieved 2012-09-14.
^ histpop.org Archived 7 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine.
^ "NISRA – Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency". Nisranew.nisra.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 2012-09-14.
^ Lee, JJ (1981). "Pre-famine". In Goldstrom, J. M.; Clarkson, L. A. Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
^ Mokyr, Joel; O Grada, Cormac (November 1984). "New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700-1850". The Economic History Review. 37 (4): 473–88. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x.
^ abc Falkiner, Caesar Litton (1904). "The Counties of Ireland". Illustrations of Irish history and topography: mainly of the seventeenth century. Longmans, Green. pp. 108–42. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
^ Deputy keeper of the public records in Ireland (1873-04-26). "Appendix 3: Extract from Report of the Assistant Deputy Keeper on the Records of the Court of Record of the County Palatine of Tipperary". Fifth Report. Command papers. C.760. HMSO. pp. 32–37. Retrieved 2011-08-14.
^ Ireland (1794). "2 George I c.8". Statutes Passed in the Parliaments Held in Ireland. III: 1715–1733. Printed by George Grierson, printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. pp. 5–11. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
^ abcd Murphy, Donal A. (1994). The two Tipperarys: the national and local politics, devolution and self-determination, of the unique 1838 division into two ridings, and the aftermath. Relay. ISBN 9780946327133.
^ "Local Government Act, 2001 sec.10(4)(a)". Irish Statute Book. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
^ Minister for Environment, Community and Local Government (15 October 2013). "sec.10(2) Boundaries of amalgamated local government areas". Local Government Bill 2013 (As initiated) (PDF). Dublin: Stationery Office. ISBN 978-1-4468-0502-2. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
^ "Sliabh na mban – Slievenamon". Irishpage.com. Retrieved 2012-09-14.
^ "Oideachas Trí Mheán na Gaeilge in Éirinn sa Ghalltacht 2010-2011" (PDF) (in Irish). gaelscoileanna.ie. 2011. Retrieved 9 January 2012.
^ "€4bn value put on Magnier's Coolmore Stud - Independent.ie". Independent.ie. Retrieved 2018-01-31.
Bibliography
Laffan, Thomas (1911). Tipperary Families: Being The Hearth Money Records for 1665-1667 (PDF). James Duffy & Co.
Simington, Robert C (1931). The Civil Survey A.D. 1654-1656: County of Tipperary, Volume I. Stationery Office.
Simington, Robert C (1934). The Civil Survey A.D. 1654-1656: County of Tipperary, Volume II. Stationery Office.
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to County Tipperary. |
 | Wikivoyage has a travel guide for County Tipperary. |
- Tipperary Institute
- County Tipperary Historical Society
- A website dedicated to the genealogical records of the county. It offers fragments of the 1766 census, the complete Down Survey, as well as a ream of other useful information
Rebellion of 1641 in County Tipperary by Jim Condon- Score for 'Quality of Life' in County Tipperary
- Gaelscoil stats
- Tipperary Studies
- IrelandGenWeb Project
Places adjacent to County Tipperary | ||||||||||
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County Tipperary
Places in County Tipperary | ||
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County town: Nenagh | ||
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Counties of Ireland | ||
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Coordinates: 52°40′N 7°50′W / 52.667°N 7.833°W / 52.667; -7.833
