Hoover Institution
 | |
| Motto | Ideas defining a free society |
|---|---|
| Formation | 1919 (1919) |
| Founder | Herbert Hoover |
| Type | Public policy think tank |
| Location |
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Director | Thomas W. Gilligan |
Revenue .mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal} (2015) | $69,477,000[1] |
| Expenses (2015) | $59,910,000 |
| Website | www.hoover.org |
The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace is an American public policy think tank and research institution located at Stanford University in California. It began as a library founded in 1919 by Republican and Stanford alumnus Herbert Hoover, before he became President of the United States. The library, known as the Hoover Institution Library and Archives, houses multiple archives related to Hoover, World War I, World War II, and other world history. According to the 2016 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report (Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program, University of Pennsylvania), Hoover is No. 18 (of 90) in the "Top Think Tanks in the United States".[2]
The Hoover Institution is a unit of Stanford University[3] but has its own board of overseers.[4] It is located on the campus. Its mission statement outlines its basic tenets: representative government, private enterprise, peace, personal freedom, and the safeguards of the American system.[5] The institution is generally described as conservative,[6][7][8] although directors and others associated with it resist this description, saying that the institution is not partisan and that its goal is "to advance ideas of supporting freedom and free enterprise."[9]
The institution has been a place of scholarship for individuals who previously held high-profile positions in government, such as George Shultz, Condoleezza Rice, Michael Boskin, Edward Lazear, John B. Taylor, Edwin Meese, and Amy Zegart—all Hoover Institution fellows. In 2007, retired U.S. Army General John P. Abizaid, former commander of the U.S. Central Command, was named the Institution's first annual Annenberg Distinguished Visiting Fellow.[10] Former Secretary of Defense General James Mattis served as a research fellow at Hoover before being appointed by the Trump administration.[11]
The institution is housed in four buildings on the Stanford campus. The most prominent facility is the landmark Hoover Tower, which is a popular visitor attraction. The tower features an observation deck on the top level that provides visitors with a panoramic view of the Stanford campus and surrounding area. Additionally, the institution has a branch office in the Johnson Center in Washington, DC.
Contents
1 History
2 Members
2.1 Directors
2.2 Honorary Fellows
2.3 Distinguished Fellows
2.4 Senior Fellows
2.5 Research Fellows
2.6 Distinguished Visiting Fellows
2.7 Media Fellows
2.8 National Fellows
2.9 Senior Research Fellows
3 Publications
4 Funding
4.1 Details
5 See also
6 Footnotes
7 Further reading
8 External links
History
The Institution was set up by Herbert Hoover, one of Stanford's first graduates, who would later become the 31st President of the United States. He had been in charge of American relief efforts in Europe after World War I. Hoover's express purpose was to collect the records of contemporary history as it was happening. Hoover's helpers frequently risked their lives to rescue documentary and rare printed material, especially from countries under Nazi or Communist rule. Their many successes included the papers of Rosa Luxemburg, the Goebbels Diaries, and the records of the Russian secret police in Paris. Research institutes were also set up under Hoover's influence, though inevitably there were to be clashes between the moving force, Hoover, and the host university.[12]
In 1919, Hoover donated $50,000 to Stanford University to support the collection of primary materials related to World War I, a project that became known as the Hoover War Collection. Supported primarily by gifts from private donors, the Hoover War Collection flourished in its early years. In 1922, the Collection became known as the Hoover War Library. The Hoover War Library was housed in the Stanford Library, separate from the general stacks. By 1926, the Hoover War Library was known as the largest library in the world devoted to the Great War. By 1929, it contained 1.4 million items and was becoming too large to house in the Stanford Library. In 1938, the War Library revealed building plans for Hoover Tower, which was to be its permanent home independent of the Stanford Library system. The tower was completed in 1941, Stanford University's fiftieth anniversary.[13]
By 1946, the agenda of the Hoover War Library had expanded to include research activities; thus the organization was renamed the Hoover Institution and Library on War, Revolution and Peace. At this time, Herbert Hoover was living in New York City but remained integrally involved in the Hoover Institution and Library as a benefactor, fundraiser, and consultant.
In 1956 former President Hoover, under the auspices of the Institution and Library, launched a major fundraising campaign that allowed the Institution to realize its current form as a think tank and archive. In 1957, the Hoover Institution and Library was renamed the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace—the name it holds today.[14]
In 1960, W. Glenn Campbell was appointed director and substantial budget increases soon led to corresponding increases in acquisitions and related research projects. In particular, the Chinese and Russian collections grew considerably. Despite student unrest in the 1960s, the institution continued to thrive and develop closer relations with Stanford.[15]
John Raisian served as director from 1989 to 2015. Thomas W. Gilligan succeeded him in 2015.
Members
In May 2018 the website of the Hoover Institution listed 198 fellows.
Below is a list of directors and some of the more prominent fellows, former and current.
Directors
Ephraim D. Adams, 1920–25
Ralph H. Lutz, 1925–44
Harold H. Fisher, 1944–52
C. Easton Rothwell, 1952–59[16]
W. Glenn Campbell, 1960–89[17]
John Raisian, 1989–2015
Thomas W. Gilligan, 2015–present
Honorary Fellows
Margaret Thatcher, former prime minister of the United Kingdom[18] (deceased)
Distinguished Fellows
George P. Shultz, former U.S. Secretary of State[19]
Senior Fellows
Fouad Ajami, political scientist, former director of the Middle East Studies Program at Johns Hopkins University (deceased)[20]
Richard V. Allen, former U.S. National Security Advisor
Martin Anderson, former advisor to Richard Nixon and author of The Federal Bulldozer (deceased)
Robert Barro, economist
Gary S. Becker, 1992 Nobel laureate in economics (deceased)
Joseph Berger, theoretical sociologist
Peter Berkowitz, political scientist
Russell Berman, professor of German Studies and Comparative Literature
Michael Boskin, chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers under President George H. W. Bush
David W. Brady, political scientist[21]
Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, political scientist, professor at New York University
John H. Cochrane, economist
William Damon, professor of education
Larry Diamond, political scientist, professor at Stanford University
Sidney Drell, theoretical physicist
Richard A. Epstein, legal scholar
Niall Ferguson, historian, professor at Harvard University
Chester E. Finn, Jr., professor of education
Morris P. Fiorina, political scientist
Milton Friedman, 1976 Nobel laureate in economics (deceased)
Timothy Garton Ash, historian, columnist for The Guardian
Jack Goldsmith, legal scholar
Stephen Haber, economic historian and political scientist
Robert Hall, economist
Victor Davis Hanson, classicist, military historian, columnist
Eric Hanushek, economist
David R. Henderson, economist
Caroline Hoxby, economist
Bobby Ray Inman, retired admiral
Ken Jowitt, historian
Kenneth L. Judd, economist
Daniel P. Kessler, scholar of health policy and health care finance
Stephen D. Krasner, international relations professor
Edward Lazear, economist
Seymour Martin Lipset, political sociologist (deceased)
Harvey Mansfield, political scientist
Michael W. McConnell, legal scholar, former judge, professor at Stanford University
Michael McFaul, political scientist, United States Ambassador to Russia
Thomas Metzger, sinologist
James C. Miller III, economist
Terry M. Moe, professor of political science at Stanford University
Kevin M. Murphy, economist
Norman Naimark, historian
Douglass North, 1993 Nobel laureate in economics (deceased)
William J. Perry, former U.S. Secretary of Defense
Paul E. Peterson, scholar on education reform
Alvin Rabushka, political scientist
Condoleezza Rice, former U.S. Secretary of State
Henry Rowen, economist (deceased)
Thomas J. Sargent, 2011 Nobel laureate in economics, professor at New York University
Robert Service, historian
John Shoven, economist
Abraham David Sofaer, scholar, former legal advisor to the U.S. Secretary of State
Thomas Sowell, economist, author, columnist
Michael Spence, 2001 Nobel laureate in economics
Richard F. Staar, political scientist, historian
Shelby Steele, author, columnist
John B. Taylor, former U.S. Undersecretary of the Treasury for international affairs
Barry R. Weingast, political scientist
Bertram Wolfe, author, scholar, former communist, (deceased; 1896–1977)
Amy Zegart, political scientist
Research Fellows
Clint Bolick, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Arizona
Lanhee Chen, political scientist, health policy expert, former policy director for Mitt Romney[22]
Robert Conquest, historian (deceased)
Williamson Evers, education researcher
Charles Hill, lecturer in International Studies
Tim Kane, economist
Herbert S. Klein, historian
Tod Lindberg, foreign policy expert
Alice L. Miller, political scientist
Shavit Matias, former deputy attorney general of Israel
Abbas Milani, political scientist
Henry I. Miller, physician
Russell Roberts, economist, author
Kori Schake, foreign policy expert, author
Kiron Skinner, associate professor of international relations and political science, author
Peter Schweizer, author (former fellow)
Antony C. Sutton, author of Western Technology and Soviet Economic Development (3 vol), fellow from 1968 to 1973
Bruce Thornton, American classicist
Tunku Varadarajan, writer and journalist
Distinguished Visiting Fellows
John Abizaid, former commander of the U.S. Central Command[10] (former fellow)
Spencer Abraham, former U.S. Senator and Secretary of Energy (former fellow)
Arye Carmon, Founding President and Senior Fellow at the Israel Democracy Institute (IDI)
James O. Ellis, former commander, United States Strategic Command[23]
James Goodby, author and former American diplomat
Jim Hoagland, American journalist and two-time recipient of the Pulitzer Prize
Toomas Hendrik Ilves, former President of Estonia
Raymond Jeanloz, professor of earth and planetary science and of astronomy
Josef Joffe, publisher-editor of the German newspaper Die Zeit
Henry Kissinger, former United States Secretary of State in the administrations of presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford
James Mattis, former commander, U.S. Central Command and current Secretary of Defense
Allan H. Meltzer, American economist
H.R. McMaster, former National Security Advisor and commander of the Maneuver Center of Excellence
Edwin Meese, former U.S. Attorney General
Sam Nunn, former United States Senator from Georgia
Gary Roughead, former Chief of Naval Operations
Donald Rumsfeld, former Secretary of Defense (former fellow)
Christopher Stubbs, an experimental physicist
William Suter, former Clerk of the Supreme Court of the United States
Kevin Warsh, former governor of the Federal Reserve System
Pete Wilson, former Governor of California
Media Fellows
Tom Bethell, journalist[24]
Sam Dealey, journalist, editor-in-chief of Washington Times
Christopher Hitchens, journalist (deceased)[25]
Deroy Murdock, journalist[25][26]
Mike Pride, editor emeritus of the Concord Monitor and former administrator of the Pulitzer Prizes
Christopher Ruddy, CEO of Newsmax Media
National Fellows
Mark Bils, macroeconomist, National Fellow 1989–90[27]
Stephen Kotkin, historian, National Fellow 2010–11[28]
Senior Research Fellows
Robert Hessen, historian[29]
Charles Wolf, Jr, economist (deceased)[30]
Edward Teller, physicist (deceased)[31]
Publications
The Hoover Institution's in-house publisher, Hoover Institution Press, produces multiple publications on public policy topics, including the quarterly periodicals Hoover Digest, Education Next, China Leadership Monitor, and Defining Ideas. The Hoover Institution Press previously published the bimonthly periodical Policy Review, which it acquired from The Heritage Foundation in 2001.[32]Policy Review ceased publication with its February–March 2013 issue.
In addition to these periodicals, the Hoover Institution Press publishes books and essays by Hoover Institution fellows and other Hoover-affiliated scholars.
Funding
The Hoover Institution receives nearly half of its funding from private gifts, primarily from individual contributions, and the other half from its endowment.[33]
Funders of the organization include the Taube Family Foundation, the Koret Foundation, the Howard Charitable Foundation, the Sarah Scaife Foundation, the Walton Foundation, the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, and the William E. Simon Foundation.[34]
Details
Funding sources and expenditures, 2014–2015:[1]
Funding Sources, 2014–15: $69,477,000 Gifts from Hoover Supporters (58.4%) Stanford University Funds for the Library & Archives (1%) Sales of Publications and Miscellaneous Income (3.1%) Hoover Endowment Payout (37.5%) | Expenditures, 2014–15: $59,910,000 Research and Scholarly Initiatives (55.4%) Library & Archives Operations and Acquisitions (11.6%) Administration, Facilities, Materials, and Computer Services (11.1%) Development, Public Affairs, and Communications (18.4%) Hoover Institution in Washington (3.5%) |
See also
- List of Stanford University Centers and Institutes
Footnotes
^ ab "Annual Report 2015". Hoover Institution. August 31, 2015. Retrieved April 15, 2016..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ James G. McGann (Director) (January 26, 2017). "2016 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report". Retrieved March 20, 2017.
^ "Stanford Legal Facts". Office of the General Counsel. Stanford University. Retrieved May 26, 2012.
^ "Board of Overseers". Hoover Institution. Stanford University. Retrieved May 26, 2012.
^ "Hoover Institution – Mission Statement". hoover.org.
^ "Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace". Encyclopaedica Brittanica. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
^ McBride, Stewart (May 28, 1975). "Hoover Institution: Leaning to the right". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
^ Nau, Henry R. (2013). Conservative Internationalism: Armed Diplomacy under Jefferson, Polk, Truman and Reagan. Princeton University Press. p. xi. ISBN 978-0-691-15931-7.
^ "Business Dean Seizes Rare Opportunity to Lead Hoover Institution, and Other News About People". Chronicle of Higher Education. March 23, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
^ ab "Former U.S. Central Command Chief General John Abizaid Appointed Hoover Distinguished Visiting Fellow".
^ "General Jim Mattis Biography, Hoover Institution". Hoover Administration. June 14, 2017. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
^ Peter Duignan, "The Library of the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace. Part 1: Origin and Growth", Library History 2001 17(1): 3–19
^ "Hoover Institution Library and Archives: Historical Background". hoover.org.
^ "Hoover Institution – Hoover Institution Timeline". hoover.org.
^ Peter Duignan, "The Library of the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace. Part 2: the Campbell Years", Library History 2001 17(2): 107–18.
^ "Yacht club to host celebration of Virginia Rothwell". Stanford Report. September 1, 2004. Retrieved March 25, 2008.
^ Trei, Lisa (November 28, 2001). "Glenn Campbell, former Hoover director, dead at 77". Stanford Report. Retrieved March 25, 2008.
^ "Honorary Fellow". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
^ "Distinguished Fellow". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
^ "Senior Fellows". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
^ "David Brady".
^ "Research Fellows".
^ "Distinguished Visiting Fellows". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2014. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
^ "William and Barbara Edwards Media Fellows". Hoover Institution Stanford University. 2010. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
^ ab "William and Barbara Edwards Media Fellows by year". hoover.org.
^ "William and Barbara Edwards Media Fellows by year". hoover.org.
^ "VITA Mark Bils" (PDF). University of Rochester. Retrieved May 31, 2018.
^ "Stephen Kotkin". Hoover Institution. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
^ "Robert Hessen". Hoover Institution. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
^ "Charles Wolf Jr". Hoover Institution. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
^ "Edward Teller". Hoover Institution. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
^ "Policy Review Web Archive".
^ "Hoover Institution 2010 Report". Hoover Institution. p. 39. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
^ Ade Adeniji (April 21, 2015). "How the Hoover Institution Vacuums Up Big Conservative Bucks". Inside Philanthropy.
Further reading
- Paul, Gary Norman. "The Development of the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace Library, 1919–1944". PhD dissertation U. of California, Berkeley. Dissertation Abstracts International 1974 35(3): 1682-1683-A, 274p.
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hoover Institution. |
Official website
hoover.org/hila, the Hoover Institution Library and Archives official website
hooverpress.org, the Hoover Institution Press's official website
definingideas.org, a Hoover Institution online journal
EDIRC listing (provided by RePEc)
Hoover Institution at Curlie
advancingafreesociety.org, the Hoover Institution's blog of research and opinion on current policy matters
Video of Hoover Institution events and Uncommon Knowledge at YouTube
Video of Hoover Institution events at FORA.tv
Hoover Institution FBI files hosted at the Internet Archive
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CategoryCoordinates: 37°25′38″N 122°09′59″W / 37.4271°N 122.1664°W / 37.4271; -122.1664
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