单系群
Multi tool use
單系群（英文：Monophyletic group，也称为单系类群）在支序分類中指的是一个分类单元（Taxon），其中的所有物种，只有一个共同的祖先，而且它们就是该祖先的所有后代。单系群也可以被这样定义：依靠近裔共性归类的类群。
例如，人属被认为是来自于人科中的同一祖先，而且目前已知没有其他的后代。所以人属是单系群。但是如果能人和智人是来自不同的祖先的话，而这个祖先有不属于这个属的话，那么这个属就是多系群。但因为大多生物学家比较喜欢单系群。在这种情况下，分類群內只會包含某個共同祖先的後代，而不會像並系群一樣少掉一個或多個某共祖的後代。
參見
參考文獻
系统发生学主題
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| 相关领域 |
- 计算系统发生学
- 分子系统发生学
- 支序分類學
- 进化分类学
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| 基本概念 |
Phylogenesis
系統發生樹
- 演化網路
- 長枝吸引效應
演化支 與 Evolutionary grade
Lineage (evolution)
- Ghost population
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| 推理方法 |
- Maximum parsimony
- 最大簡約法
- Probabilistic methods
Distance matrices in phylogeny
- 近鄰結合法
- UPGMA
Least squares inference in phylogeny（見最小平方法）
- Three-taxon analysis
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| 当前的课题 |
- PhyloCode
- DNA条形码
- 分子系统发生学
- Phylogenetic comparative methods
- Phylogenetic niche conservatism
- List of phylogenetics software
- Phylogenomics
- 系統地理學
- DNA phylogeny
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| Group traits |
Primitive (phylogenetics)
- Plesiomorphy
- Symplesiomorphy
- Derived
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| 群組種類 |
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| 名稱 |
- Phylogenetic nomenclature
- Crown group
- 旁系群
- 基群
- Supertree
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 进化生物学的课题列表
 演化生物学
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演化生物学
