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Universiade
The flag of the International University Sports Federation.
Status	active
Genre	sporting event
Frequency	biennial
Location(s)	various
Inaugurated	1959 (1959) (summer) 1960 (1960) (winter)
Organised by	FISU

The Universiade is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The name is a combination of the words "University" and "olympiad". The Universiade is often referred to in English as the World University Games or World Student Games; however, this latter term can also refer to competitions for sub-University grades students.^{[citation needed]} The Universiade is the largest^[vague] multi-sport event in the world apart from the Olympic Games.^[1]. The most recent games were in 2017: the Winter Universiade was in Almaty, Kazakhstan, while the Summer Universiade was held in Taipei, Taiwan. The next games are scheduled 2019 Winter Universiade in Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, between 2 and 12 March 2019 and the 2019 Summer Universiade in Naples, Italy between 3 and 14 July.

Precursors

The idea of a global international sports competition between student-athletes pre-dates the 1949 formation of the International University Sports Federation (FISU), which now hosts the Universiade. English peace campaigner Hodgson Pratt was an early advocate of such an event, proposing (and passing) a motion at the 1891 Universal Peace Congress in Rome to create a series of international student conferences in rotating host capital cities, with activities including art and sport. This did not come to pass, but a similar event was created in Germany in 1909 in the form of the Academic Olympia. Five editions were held from 1909 to 1913, all of which were hosted in Germany following the cancellation of an Italy-based event.^[2]

Opening ceremony of 2017 Summer Universiade

At the start of the 20th century, Jean Petitjean of France began attempting to organise a "University Olympic Games". After discussion with Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic Games, Petitjean was convinced not to use the word "Olympic" in the tournament's name.^[2] Petitjean, and later the Confederation Internationale des Etudiants (CIE), was the first to build a series of international events, beginning with the 1923 International Universities Championships. This was followed by the renamed 1924 Summer Student World Championships a year later and two further editions were held in 1927 and 1928. Another name change resulted in the 1930 International University Games. The CIE's International University Games was held four more times in the 1930s before having its final edition in 1947.^[3][4]

A student football match held at the 3rd World Festival of Youth and Students

During the 2011 Summer Universiade

During the 1989 Summer Universiade

Soviet student-athletes at the 3rd World Festival of Youth and Students

A separate group organised an alternative university games in 1939 in Vienna, in post-Anschluss Germany.^[3] The onset of World War II ceased all major international student sport activities and the aftermath also led to division among the movement, as the CIE was disbanded and rival organisations emerged. The Union Internationale des Étudiants (UIE) incorporated a university sports games into the World Festival of Youth and Students from 1947–1962, including one separate, unofficial games in 1954. This event principally catered for Eastern European countries.^[5]

After the closure of the CIE and the creation of the first UIE-organised games, FISU came into being in 1949 and held its own first major student sport event the same year in the form of the 1949 Summer International University Sports Week. The Sports Week was held biennially until 1955. Like the CIE's games before it, the FISU events were initially Western-led sports competitions.^[3]

Division between the largely Western European FISU and Eastern European UIE eventually began to dissipate among broadened participation at the 1957 World University Games. This event was not directly organised by either group, instead being organised by Jean Petitjean in France (which remained neutral to the split), but all respective nations from the groups took part. The FISU-organised Universiade became the direct successor to this competition, maintaining the biennial format into the inaugural 1959 Universiade. It was not until the 1957 World University Games that the Soviet Union began to compete in FISU events. That same year, what had previously been a European competition became a truly global one, with the inclusion of Brazil, Japan and the United States among the competing nations. The increased participation ultimately led to the establishment of the Universiade as the primary global student sport championship.^[2][3]

Precursor events

Precursor events

Year	Event	Organiser	Host City	Host Country
1923	International Universities Championships	CIE	Paris	France
1924	Summer Student World Championships	CIE	Warsaw	Poland
1927	Summer Student World Championships	CIE	Rome	Italy
1928	Summer Student World Championships	CIE	Paris	France
1930	International University Games	CIE	Darmstadt	Germany
1933	International University Games	CIE	Turin	Italy
1935	International University Games	CIE	Budapest	Hungary
1937	International University Games	CIE	Paris	France
1939	International University Games	CIE	Monte Carlo	Monaco
1947	International University Games	CIE	Paris	France
1947	World Festival of Youth and Students	UIE	Prague	Czechoslovakia
1949	World Festival of Youth and Students	UIE	Budapest	Hungary
1949	Summer International University Sports Week	FISU	Merano	Italy
1951	World Festival of Youth and Students	UIE	East Berlin	East Germany
1951	Summer International University Sports Week	FISU	Luxembourg	Luxembourg
1953	World Festival of Youth and Students	UIE	Bucharest	Romania
1953	Summer International University Sports Week	FISU	Dortmund	West Germany
1955	World Festival of Youth and Students	UIE	Warsaw	Poland
1955	Summer International University Sports Week	FISU	San Sebastián	Spain
1957	World Festival of Youth and Students	UIE	Moscow	Soviet Union
1957	World University Games	CIE	Paris	France
1959	World Festival of Youth and Students	UIE	Vienna	Austria
1962	World Festival of Youth and Students	UIE	Helsinki	Finland

List of Summer Universiade Hosts

1959,1970

1961,1977

1963

1965

1967

1973

1975

1979

1981

1983

1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

2013

2015

2017

2019

Games	Year	Host Country (as recognized by FISU)	Host City	Opened by	Dates	Nations	Competitors	Sports	Events	Top Nation
											1	1959	Italy	Turin	Giovanni Gronchi	26 August – 7 September	45	985	7	60	Italy
2	1961	Bulgaria	Sofia	Dimitar Ganev	25 August – 3 September	32	1270	9	68	Soviet Union
3	1963	Brazil	Porto Alegre	Paulo de Tarso Santos	30 August – 8 September	27	917	9	70	Soviet Union
4	1965	Hungary	Budapest	István Dobi	20–30 August	32	1729	9	74	Hungary
5	1967	Japan	Tokyo	Hirohito	27 August – 4 September	30	937	10	83	United States
6	1970	Italy	Turin	Giuseppe Saragat	26 August – 6 September	40	2080	9	82	Soviet Union
7	1973	Soviet Union	Moscow	Leonid Brezhnev	15–25 August	72	2765	10	111	Soviet Union
8	1975	Italy	Rome	Giovanni Leone	18–21 August	38	450	1	38	Soviet Union
9	1977	Bulgaria	Sofia	Todor Zhivkov	17–28 August	78	2939	10	101	Soviet Union
10	1979	Mexico	Mexico City	José López Portillo	2–13 September	85	2974	10	97	Soviet Union
11	1981	Romania	Bucharest	Nicolae Ceauşescu	19–30 July	86	2912	10	133	Soviet Union
12	1983	Canada	Edmonton	Charles, Prince of Wales	1–12 July	73	2400	10	118	Soviet Union
13	1985	Japan	Kobe	Akihito	24 August – 4 September	106	3949	11	123	Soviet Union
14	1987	Yugoslavia	Zagreb	Lazar Mojsov	8–19 July	122	6423	12	139	United States
15	1989	West Germany	Duisburg	Helmut Kohl	22–30 August	79	1785	4	66	Soviet Union
16	1991	United Kingdom	Sheffield	Anne, Princess Royal	14–25 July	101	3346	11	119	United States
17	1993	United States	Buffalo	Bill Clinton	8–18 July	118	3582	12	135	United States
18	1995	Japan	Fukuoka	Akihito	23 August – 3 September	118	3949	12	144	United States
19	1997	Italy	Sicily	Oscar Luigi Scalfaro	20–31 August	122	3582	10	129	United States
20	1999	Spain	Palma de Mallorca	Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo	3–13 July	114	4076	12	142	United States
21	2001	China	Beijing	Jiang Zemin	22 August – 1 September	165	6757	12	170	China
22	2003	South Korea	Daegu	Roh Moo-hyun	21–31 August	174	7180	13	189	China
23	2005	Turkey	Izmir	Ahmet Necdet Sezer	11–22 August	133	7816	15	195	Russia
24	2007	Thailand	Bangkok	Vajiralongkorn	8–18 August	150	12000	15	236	China
25	2009	Serbia	Belgrade	Mirko Cvetković	1–12 July	145	5379	15	203	Russia
26	2011	China	Shenzhen	Hu Jintao	12–23 August	165	7999	24	306	China
27	2013	Russia	Kazan	Vladimir Putin	6–17 July	162	10442	27	351	Russia
28	2015	South Korea	Gwangju	Park Geun-hye	3–14 July	142	12885	21	274	South Korea
29	2017	Chinese Taipei1	Taipei	Tsai Ing-wen	19–30 August	145	11397	22	272	Japan
30	2019	Italy	Naples		3–14 July			18	244
31	2021							17

¹The Republic of China (Taiwan) is recognised as Chinese Taipei by FISU and the majority of international organisations it participates in due to political considerations and Cross-Strait relations with the People's Republic of China.

Summer Universiade medal table

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	United States	490	421	389	1300
2	China	422	295	246	963
3	Russia	413	344	381	1138
4	Soviet Union	406	329	252	987
5	Japan	321	315	405	1041
6	South Korea	227	182	222	631
7	Italy	180	195	245	620
8	Ukraine	173	177	171	521
9	Romania	146	125	141	412
10	Germany	116	151	208	475
Totals (10 nations)		2894	2534	2660	8088

List of Winter Universiade Hosts

1960

1962

1964,1978

1966

1968,2005

1970

1972, 2023

1975

1985

1987,2015

1981,1995

1983,1989

1991

1993,2001

1997

1999

1999

2003

2005

2007

2009

2011

2013

2015

2015

2017

2019

2021

Games	Year	Host Country	Host City	Opened by	Dates	Nations	Competitors			Sports	Events	Top Nation
							Total	Men	Women
1	1960	France	Chamonix	Charles de Gaulle	28 February – 6 March	16	145			5	13	France
2	1962	Switzerland	Villars	Paul Chaudet	6–12 March	22	330			6	12	West Germany
3	1964	Czechoslovakia	Špindlerův Mlýn	Antonín Novotný	11–17 February	21	410			5	15	West Germany
4	1966	Italy	Sestriere	Giuseppe Saragat	5–13 February	29	434			6	19	Soviet Union
5	1968	Austria	Innsbruck	Franz Jonas	21–28 January	26	589			7	23	Soviet Union
6	1970	Finland	Rovaniemi	Urho Kekkonen	3–9 April	25	591			7	24	Soviet Union
7	1972	United States	Lake Placid	Richard Nixon	26 February – 5 March	23	410			7	25	Soviet Union
8	1975	Italy	Livigno	Giovanni Leone	6–13 April	15	191			2	13	Soviet Union
9	1978	Czechoslovakia	Špindlerův Mlýn	Gustáv Husák	5–12 February	21	347			7	16	Soviet Union
10	1981	Spain	Jaca	Juan Carlos I	25 February – 4 March	28	347			7	19	Soviet Union
11	1983	Bulgaria	Sofia	Todor Zhivkov	17–27 February	28	347					Soviet Union
12	1985	Italy	Belluno	Sandro Pertini	16–24 February	34						Soviet Union
13	1987	Czechoslovakia	Štrbské Pleso	Gustáv Husák	21–28 February	21	347					Czechoslovakia
14	1989	Bulgaria	Sofia	Todor Zhivkov	2–12 March	21	347					Soviet Union
15	1991	Japan	Sapporo	Naruhito	2–10 March	34						Japan
16	1993	Poland	Zakopane	Lech Wałęsa	6–14 February	41						Japan
17	1995	Spain	Jaca	Juan Carlos I	18–28 February	41						South Korea
18	1997	South Korea	Muju-Jeonju	Kim Young-sam	24 January – 2 February	48						Japan
19	1999	Slovakia	Poprad-Vysoké Tatry	Rudolf Schuster	22–30 January	40						Russia
20	2001	Poland	Zakopane	Aleksander Kwaśniewski	7–17 February	41						Russia
21	2003	Italy	Tarvisio	Renzo Tondo	16–26 January	46						Russia
22	2005	Austria	Innsbruck-Seefeld	Heinz Fischer	12–22 January	50	1,500					Austria
23	2007	Italy	Turin	George Killian	17–27 January	48						South Korea
24	2009	China	Harbin	Liu Yandong	18–28 February	44	2,326					China
25	2011	Turkey	Erzurum	Abdullah Gül	27 January-6 February	52	1,880					Russia
26	2013	Italy	Trentino	Ugo Rossi	11–21 December	50	1,725					Russia
27	2015	Slovakia	Štrbské Pleso-Osrblie	Andrej Kiska	24 January – 1 February	46	1,551					Russia
		Spain	Granada	Felipe VI	4–14 February		1,551
28	2017	Kazakhstan	Almaty	Nursultan Nazarbayev	29 January – 8 February	57	1,604					Russia
29	2019	Russia	Krasnoyarsk		2–12 March
30	2021	Switzerland	Lucerne		20–31 January
31	2023	United States	Lake Placid[6]		19–29 January

Winter Universiade medal table

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Russia	166	149	147	462
2	South Korea	104	74	65	243
3	Soviet Union	95	85	62	242
4	Japan	83	94	90	267
5	China	72	61	74	207
6	Czechoslovakia	53	59	23	135
7	Italy	53	58	65	176
8	France	52	45	46	143
9	Poland	50	56	58	164
10	Austria	47	49	55	151
Totals (10 nations)		775	730	685	2190

See also

• World University Championships


• International University Sports Federation


• International Children's Games

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Universiade.

• Official website of the International University Sports Federation (FISU)


• Official website of the German University Sports Federation


• Official report of the Winter Universiade Innsbruck / Seefeld 2005


• Yahoo News : 2017 Taipei Universiade, 87% box-office success as the highest ever.