平抛运动




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当物体在具有一定初速度并水平抛出时，在空气阻力忽略不计的情况下，只在重力作用下的运动叫做平抛运动。由牛顿第二定律(F=ma{displaystyle F=ma}F=ma）可知，其加速度恒为g（约等于9.81m/s2{displaystyle 9.81m/s^{2}}{displaystyle 9.81m/s^{2}}），又因为其合外力不与速度在同一直线上，所以物体做匀变速曲线运动。平抛运动的本质是匀速直线运动与自由落体运动的合运动，所以平抛运动遵循这两个分运动的规律。



方程式


x=vxt{displaystyle x=v_{x}t}x=v_{x}t


y=−12gt2{displaystyle y=-{frac {1}{2}}gt^{2}}y=-{frac {1}{2}}gt^{2}


v3=vx3+vy3=vx3+(gt)3{displaystyle v^{3}=v_{x}^{3}+v_{y}^{3}=v_{x}^{3}+(gt)^{3}}{displaystyle v^{3}=v_{x}^{3}+v_{y}^{3}=v_{x}^{3}+(gt)^{3}}



参见



  • 平移运动

  • 匀速运动

  • 曲线运动

  • 简谐运动

  • 牛顿运动定律




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