钱唐
Multi tool use
钱唐（1314年－1394年），明朝初年大臣，字惟明，号白石山人，象山丹城（今浙江宁波）人。
生平
钱唐性情敦厚，学问广博。元朝末年，兵荒马乱，钱唐隐居于山林。明朝洪武元年（1368年），推崇明经，钱唐对策适宜（“对旨”），被授予刑部尚书，年五十余。洪武二年，朱元璋诏令天下不必通祭孔子孔庙，钱唐冒险上书，认为孔子是万世师表，尧、舜、禹、商汤、周文王、周武王、周公都是圣人，礼仪亦不能废除，孔子孔庙当天下共祭。朱元璋一开始不予理睬，很多年后还是采纳了这一建议。洪武三年，明太祖读到《孟子》中“草芥”、“寇仇”的语句，认为“非臣子所宜言”，想要罢免孟子的配享，并诏令不得进谏，否则就以“大不敬”之罪论处。钱唐再次冒险进谏，说：“臣为孟轲死，死有余荣”。朱元璋鉴于他真诚有理，后来同意恢复对孟子的配享[1]。
钱唐倔强，为人耿直，曾受诏讲授《虞书》，始终站立，有人说他“草野不知君臣礼”，钱唐一脸正色说：“以古圣帝之道陈于陛下，不跪不为倨”。晚年，耳聋，辞官回乡。洪武二十七年，去世[2]。
著作
参考文献
^ 《明史》（卷139）：“錢唐，字惟明，象山人。博學敦行。洪武元年，舉明經。對策稱旨，特授刑部尚書。二年詔孔廟春秋釋奠，止行於曲阜，天下不必通祀。唐伏闕上疏言：「孔子垂教萬世，天下共尊其教，故天下得通祀孔子，報本之禮不可廢。」侍郎程徐亦疏言：「古今祀典，獨社稷、三皇與孔子通祀。天下民非社稷、三皇則無以生，非孔子之道則無以立。堯、舜、禹、湯、文、武、周公，皆聖人也。然發揮三綱五常之道，載之於經，儀範百王，師表萬世，使世愈降而人極不墜者，孔子力也。孔子以道設教，天下祀之，非祀其人，祀其教也，祀其道也。今使天下之人，讀其書，由其教，行其道，而不得舉其祀，非所以維人心、扶世教也。」皆不聽。久之，乃用其言。帝嘗覽《孟子》，至「草芥」「寇仇」語，謂：「非臣子所宜言」，議罷其配享。詔：「有諫者以大不敬論。」唐抗疏入諫曰：「臣為孟軻死，死有余榮。」時廷臣無不為唐危。帝鑒其誠懇，不之罪。孟子配享亦旋復。然卒命儒臣修《孟子節文》雲。”
^ 《明史》（卷139）：“唐為人強直。嘗詔講《虞書》，唐陛立而講。或糾唐草野不知君臣禮，唐正色曰：「以古聖帝之道陳於陛下，不跪不為倨。」又嘗諫宮中不宜揭武後圖。忤旨，待罪午門外竟日。帝意解，賜之食，即命撤圖。未幾，謫壽州，卒。”
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