Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth






























Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth

The "Victory" (Nelson's Flagship), stern, Portsmouth, England-LCCN2002708062.jpg

HMS Victory, flagship of the Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth

Active 1667–1969
Country
 United Kingdom
Branch
 Royal Navy
Type Fleet
Garrison/HQ
Dockyard Commissioner's house, Portsmouth

The Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth was a senior commander of the Royal Navy for hundreds of years. Portsmouth Command was a name given to the units, establishments, and staff operating under the post. The commanders-in-chief were based at premises in High Street, Portsmouth from the 1790s until the end of Sir Thomas Williams's tenure, his successor, Sir Philip Durham, being the first to move into Admiralty House at the Royal Navy Dockyard, where subsequent holders of the office were based until 1969. Prior to World War One the officer holder was sometimes referred to in official dispatches as the Commander-in-Chief, Spithead.[1]




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth


  • 3 Portsmouth Command


    • 3.1 Main units


    • 3.2 Naval units


    • 3.3 Shore units




  • 4 References





History


The Command extended along the south coast from Newhaven in East Sussex to Portland in Dorset.[2] In 1889 the Commander-in-Chief took HMS Victory as his Flagship.[3]




Admiralty House, HMNB Portsmouth


In the late 18th century port admirals began to reside ashore, rather than on board their flagships; the Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth was provided with a large house at 111 High Street, which was renamed Admiralty House (and which had formerly been home to the Mayor of Portsmouth).[4] In the 1830s Admiralty House was sold to the War Office (as Government House, it went on to house the Lieutenant-Governor of Portsmouth for the next fifty years).[5] The Commander-in-Chief moved in turn into the former Dockyard Commissioner's house, which still stands within HMNB Portsmouth.[4]


During the Second World War the Command Headquarters was at Fort Southwick.[6]Operation Aerial, the evacuation from western French ports in 1940, was commanded by Admiral William Milbourne James, the Commander-in-Chief. James lacked the vessels necessary for convoys and organised a flow of troopships, storeships and motor vehicle vessels from Southampton, coasters to ply from Poole and the Dutch schuyts to work from Weymouth, while such warships as were available patrolled the shipping routes. Demolition parties sailed in the ships but it was hoped that supplies and equipment could be embarked as well as troops.[7]


In 1952 the Commander-in-Chief took up the NATO post of Commander-in-Chief, Channel (CINCHAN). This move added Allied Command Channel to the NATO Military Command Structure. The admiral commanding at Portsmouth had control naval operations in the area since 1949 under WUDO auspices.[8]


The post of Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth was merged with that of Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth in 1969 to form the post of Commander-in-Chief, Naval Home Command.[9] The posts of Second Sea Lord and Commander-in-Chief Naval Home Command were amalgamated in 1994 following the rationalisation of the British Armed Forces following the end of the Cold War.[10] In 2012, however, all distinct Commander-in-Chief appointments were discontinued, with full operational command being vested instead in the First Sea Lord; he now flies his flag from HMS Victory.[11]



Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth


Post holder have included:[12][13]



  • Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Holmes September 1667-?[14]

  • Captain, John Graydon, January - February 1695[15]

  • Captain James Wishart, February - April 1695[16]

  • Vice-Admiral John Neville: 1696[17]

  • Rear-Admiral Henry Houghton: March-July 1698[18]

  • Commodore Thomas Warren: December 1698[19][20]

  • Commodore Basil Beaumont: February-March 1698[21]

  • Rear-Admiral James Wishart, September 1703 – October 1703[22]

  • Admiral James Steuart: 1745 – 1747

  • Admiral Sir Edward Hawke: 1748 – 1752

  • Admiral Sir Edward Hawke: 1755 – 1756

  • Admiral Henry Osborn: 1756 – 1757

  • Admiral Sir Francis Holburne 1758 – 1766

  • Admiral Sir John Moore: 1766 – 1769

  • Admiral Sir Francis Geary 1769 – 1771

  • Admiral Thomas Pye: 1771 – 1774

  • Admiral Sir James Douglas: 1774 – 1777

  • Admiral Thomas Pye: 1777 – 1783

  • Admiral John Montagu: 1783 – 1786

  • Admiral Viscount Hood: 1786 – 1789

  • Admiral Robert Roddam: 1789 – 1792

  • Admiral Viscount Hood: 1792 – 1793

  • Admiral Sir Peter Parker: 1793 – 1799

  • Admiral Mark Milbanke: 1799 – 1803

  • Admiral Lord Gardner: March – June 1803

  • Admiral Sir George Montagu: 1803 – 1809

  • Admiral Sir Roger Curtis: 1809 – 1812

  • Admiral Sir Richard Bickerton: 1812 – 1815

  • Admiral Sir Edward Thornbrough: 1815 – 1818

  • Admiral Sir George Campbell: 1818 – 1821

  • Admiral Sir James Hawkins-Whitshed: 1821 – 1824

  • Admiral Sir George Martin: 1824 – 1827

  • Admiral Sir Robert Stopford: 1827 – 1830

  • Admiral Sir Thomas Foley: 1830 – 1833

  • Admiral Sir Thomas Williams: 1833 – 1836

  • Admiral Sir Philip Durham: 1836 – March 1839

  • Admiral Charles Elphinstone Fleeming: Apr – Nov 1839

  • Admiral Sir Edward Codrington: 1839 – 1842

  • Admiral Sir Charles Rowley: 1842 – 1845

  • Admiral Sir Charles Ogle: 1845 – 1848

  • Admiral Sir Thomas Capel: 1848 – 1851

  • Admiral Sir Thomas Briggs: 1851 – 1852

  • Admiral Sir Thomas Cochrane: 1852 – 1856

  • Admiral Sir George Seymour: 1856 – 1859

  • Admiral Sir William Bowles: 1859 – 1660

  • Admiral SirHenry W. Bruce:– March 1860-March 1863

  • Admiral Sir Michael Seymour:– March 1863-March 1866

  • Admiral Sir Thomas Pasley, Bt.:– March 1866-February 1869

  • Admiral Sir James Hope:– February 1869-March 1872

  • Admiral Sir Rodney Mundy:– March 1872-March 1875

  • Admiral Sir George A. Elliot:– March 1875-March 1878

  • Admiral Edward G Fanshawe:– March 1878-November 1879

  • Admiral Alfred Ryder:– November 1879-November 1882

  • Admiral Sir Geoffrey T.Phipps Hornby:– November 1882-November 1885

  • Admiral Sir George O.Willes:– November 1885-June 1888

  • Admiral Sir John E. Commerell:– June 1888-June 1891

  • Admiral the Earl of Clanwilliam:– June 1891-June 1894

  • Admiral Sir Nowell Salmon Salmon:– June 1894-August 1897

  • Admiral Sir MMichael Culme-Seymour, Bt.: August 1897-October 1900

  • Admiral Sir Charles F. Hotham: October 1900-August 1903

  • Admiral Sir John A. Fisher: August 1903-March 1904

  • Admiral Sir Archibald L. Douglas: March 1904-March 1907

  • Admiral Sir Day H.Bosanque: March 1907-March 1908

  • Admiral Sir Arthur D. Fanshawe: March 1908-April 1910

  • Admiral the Hon. Sir Assheton G.Curzon-Howe: April 1910-March 1911

  • Admiral Sir Arthur W. Moore: March 1911-July 1912

  • Admiral of the Fleet the Hon. Sir Hedworth Meux: July 1912-March 1916

  • Admiral the Hon. Sir Stanley C. J. Colville : March 1916-March 1919

  • Admiral Sir Cecil Burney: March 1919-April 1920

  • Admiral the Hon. Sir Somerset A. Gough-Calthorpe: April 1920-April 1923

  • Admiral Sir Sydney R. Fremantle: April 1923-April 1926

  • Admiral Sir Osmond de B. Brock: April 1926-April 1929

  • Admiral of the Fleet Sir Roger J. B. Keyes, Bt.: April 1929-May 1931

  • Admiral Sir Arthur K. Waistell: June 1931-January 1934

  • Admiral Sir John D. Kelly: January 1934-July 1936

  • Admiral Sir William W. Fisher: July 1936-June 1937

  • Admiral of the Fleet The Earl of Cork and Orrery: July 1937-June 1939

  • Admiral Sir William M. James: June 1939-October 1942

  • Admiral Sir Charles J. C. Little: October 1942-February 1945

  • Admiral Sir Geoffrey Layton: March 1945-May 1947

  • Admiral The Lord Fraser of North Cape: May 1947-July 1948

  • Admiral of the Fleet Sir Algernon U. Willis: July 1948-September 1950

  • Admiral of the Fleet Sir Arthur J. Power: September 1950-September 1952

  • Admiral Sir John H. Edelsten: September 1952-September 1954

  • Admiral of the Fleet Sir George E. Creasy: September 1954-July 1957

  • Admiral Sir Guy Grantham: July 1957-March 1959[23]

  • Admiral Sir Manley L. Power: March 1959-October 1961

  • Admiral Sir Alexander N. C. Bingley: October 1961-February 1963

  • Admiral Sir Wilfrid J.W. Woods: February 1963-August 1965

  • Admiral Sir Varyl C. Begg: August 1965-March 1966

  • Admiral Sir Frank H. E. Hopkins: March 1966-November 1967

  • Admiral Sir John B. Frewen: November 1967-1969



Portsmouth Command


Considered as the most prestigious of the home commands, Portsmouth Command was responsible for the central part of the English Channel between Newhaven and Isle of Portland.[24][25][26] Below is a list of units that served under this command.



Main units


Included:[27][28]





































































Main Units Commanded by Date Notes
HM Yachts Command Vice-Admiral Commanding HM Yachts
Newhaven Sub-Command Naval Officer-in-Charge Newhaven held by a Flag Officer usually retired
Poole Naval Area Naval Officer-in-Charge Poole held by a Flag Officer usually retired
Portsmouth Dockyard Admiral-superintendent, Portsmouth 1832-1969 renamed Flag Officer, Portsmouth and Admiral Superintendent
Portsmouth Command HQ Chief of Staff to CinC, Portsmouth 1832-1969 Flag Officer, in Charge of Headquarters Staff
Portland Naval Base Senior Naval Officer, Portland 1908-1914 held by a Captain up-to the rank of RAdm.
Portland Sub-Command Flag Officer-in-Charge Portland 1914-1958
Royal Naval Barracks, Portsmouth Commodore RN Barracks,Portsmouth 1898-1969 renamed Commander, Naval Base Portsmouth
Southampton Sub-Command Flag Officer-in-Charge Southampton
Weymouth Naval Area Naval Officer-in-Charge Weymouth held by a Flag Officer usually retired


Naval units


Included:[29][30][31]

















































































































































































Naval Units Commanded by Date Notes
1st Anti-Submarine Flotilla 1939-1945
3rd Battle Squadron Rear-Admiral, Commanding 3rd Battle Squadron 1939-1942 Component of Channel Force, 1939
1st Destroyer Flotilla Captain (D), 1st Destroyer Flotilla 01/1918-01/1919
1st Destroyer Flotilla Captain (D), 1st Destroyer Flotilla 07/1940-05/1945
4th Destroyer Flotilla Captain (D), 4th Destroyer Flotilla 12/1916-03/1917
12th Destroyer Flotilla Captain (D), 12th Destroyer Flotilla 1939-08/1940
16th Destroyer Flotilla Captain (D), 16th Destroyer Flotilla 1939-08/1940
18th Destroyer Flotilla Captain (D), 18th Destroyer Flotilla 09-10/1939
4th Minesweeper Flotilla Officer Commanding, 4th Minesweeper Flotilla 04/1944-12/1944
9th Minesweeper Flotilla Officer Commanding, 9th Minesweeper Flotilla 11/1940-05/1945
14th Minesweeper Flotilla Officer Commanding, 13th Minesweeper Flotilla 09/1941-12/1944
2nd Submarine Flotilla Officer Commanding, 2nd Submarine Flotilla 08/1914-08/1916
3rd Submarine Flotilla Officer Commanding, 3rd Submarine Flotilla 1919-1922 based at Gosport
5th Submarine Flotilla Officer Commanding, 5th Submarine Flotilla 1919-1939 based at Gosport - training & reserve flotilla
6th Submarine Flotilla Officer Commanding, 6th Submarine Flotilla 1919-1939 based at Portland - ASW training & reserve flotilla
Channel Force Rear-Admiral Commanding, Channel Force September-October, 1939 based at Portland
Fishery Protection Flotilla Officer Commanding, Fishery Protection Flotilla 1919-1927
Fishery Protection and Minesweeping Flotilla Captain of Fishery Protection and Minesweeping Flotilla 1923-1945
Fishery Protection Squadron Captain, Fishery Protection Squadron 1945-1969
Newhaven Local Defence Flotilla Officer Commanding, Newhaven Local Defence Flotilla 1914-1918
Portsmouth Escort Flotilla Officer Commanding, Portsmouth Escort Flotilla 01/1916-01/1918 renamed 1st Destroyer Flotilla
Portland Local Defence Flotilla Officer Commanding, Portland Local Defence Flotilla 1914-1918
Portsmouth Local Defence Flotilla Officer Commanding, Portsmouth Local Defence Flotilla 1914-1927
Reserve Fleet Flag Officer Commanding, Reserve Fleet 1700–1960
Royal Navy Coastal Forces Rear-Admiral, Coastal Forces 1914-1918, 1939-1968
Royal Navy Submarine Service Chief of the Submarine Service 1919-1929
Royal Navy Submarine Service Rear Admiral Submarines 1929-1944
Royal Navy Submarine Service Flag Officer, Submarines 1944-1969


Shore units


Included:[32][33]























































































Other Units Commanded by Date Notes
HMS Dolphin (shore establishment) 1904-1969 Royal Navy Submarine School
HMS Dryad (establishment) 1939-1969 Royal Navy's Maritime Warfare School
HMS Grasshopper (establishment) 1939-1946 Coastal forces base, Weymouth
HMS Hornet (shore establishment) 1941-1956 HQ Coastal Force
HMS Marlborough (shore establishment) 1939-1945 Torpedo school, Eastbourne
HMS Mercury (shore establishment) Captain of Royal Navy Signals School 1941-1969 Royal Navy Signals School and Combined Signals School
HMS King Alfred (shore establishment) 1939-1946
RNVR officers training establishment- Sussex Division - Hove
Portsmouth Signal School Captain of Portsmouth Signal School 1916-1941
Signal School Superintendent of Signal Schools 1901-1920
HMS St Vincent (shore establishment) 1927-1969 Boys Training School, Gosport
HMS Sultan (establishment) 1914-1969 Mechanical engineering school
HMS Turtle (establishment) 1946-? Combined operations training establishment, based at Poole
HMS Vernon (shore establishment) 1876-1969 Torpedo and mining school


References





  1. ^ McLynn, Frank (2015). "5: Revolutionary Attempts". Invasion: From The Armada to Hitler. London, England: Crux Publishing Ltd. ISBN 9781909979314..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Sea Your History


  3. ^ A Chronolgy of HMS Victory Royal Naval Museum


  4. ^ ab "Government House". History in Portsmouth. Retrieved 24 February 2018.


  5. ^ "Dockyard Chronology" (PDF). Portsmouth Dockyard. p. 63. Retrieved 22 November 2015.


  6. ^ Capel, A.F., Commanding Canadians: the Second World War diaries of A.F.C. Layard, page 310 University of Columbia Press, 2005,
    ISBN 978-0-7748-1193-4


  7. ^ Ellis 2004, p. 302.


  8. ^ "Fort Southwick NATO Communications Centre". Subterranean Britain. Retrieved 18 February 2015.


  9. ^ "Port admirals (Commanders-in-Chief) Portsmouth (1714-1931)". History in Portsmouth.
    Archived 27 June 2015 at the Wayback Machine.


  10. ^ Admiral Sir Michael Layard, KCB, CBE


  11. ^ "An independent report into the structure and management of the Ministry of Defence" (PDF).


  12. ^ Mackie, Gordon. "Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865" (PDF). gulabin.com. Gordon Mackie, February 2018. Retrieved 20 February 2018.


  13. ^ Harrison, Simon. "John Graydon (c.1666-1725/26) from National Archives UK: ADM 6/3 Commission and Warrant Book 1694/5 Jan.-1696 25 May". threedecks.org. Simon Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.


  14. ^ Charnock, John (1794). Biographia navalis; or, Impartial memoirs of the lives ... of officers of the navy of Great Britain from ... 1660. London, England: R, Faulder. p. 17.


  15. ^ Harrison, Simon. "John Graydon (c.1666-1725/26) from National Archives UK: ADM 6/3 Commission and Warrant Book 1694/5 Jan.-1696 25 May". threedecks.org. Simon Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.


  16. ^ Harrison, Simon. "Sir James Wishart (d.1723) from National Archives UK: ADM 6/8 Commission and Warrent Book 1703 6 July-1706 3 July". threedecks.org. Simon Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.


  17. ^ Harrison, Simon. "John Neville (d.1697):from National Archives UK ADM6/7 Commission and Warrent Book 1696 25 May-1698 20 Jan". threedecks.org. Simon Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 20 February 2018.


  18. ^ Harrison, Simon. "Henry Haughton (d.1703) from National Archives UK: ADM 6/5 Commission and Warrent Book 1698 28 Jan.-1699 1 June". threedecks.org. Simon Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 20 February 2018.


  19. ^ Harrison, Simon. "Thomas Warren (d.1699) from National Archives UK: ADM 6/5 Commission and Warrent Book 1698 28 Jan.-1699 1 June". threedecks.org. Simon Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 20 February 2018.


  20. ^ Lincoln, Margarette (2016). British Pirates and Society, 1680-1730. Abingdon, England: Routledge. p. 167. ISBN 9781317171676.


  21. ^ Harrison, Simon. "Basil Beaumont (1669-1703) from National Archives UK, ADM 6/5 Commission and Warrent Book 1698 28 Jan.-1699 1 June". threedecks.org. Simon Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 20 February 2018.


  22. ^ Harrison, Simon. "Sir James Wishart (d.1723) from National Archives UK: ADM 6/8 Commission and Warrent Book 1703 6 July-1706 3 July". threedecks.org. Simon Harrison, 2010-2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.


  23. ^ "Letter regarding CINCHAN appointment" (PDF). NATO. Retrieved 20 February 2015.


  24. ^ Watson, Dr Graham. "Royal Navy Organisation and Ship Deployment, Inter-War Years 1919-1939". www.naval-history.net. Gordon Smith, 2 September 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2018.


  25. ^ Watson, Dr Graham. "Royal Navy Orgnisation in World War 2, 1939-1945". www.naval-history.net. Gordon Smith, 19 September 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2018.


  26. ^ Watson, Dr Graham. "Royal Navy Organisation and Ship Deployment, Inter-War Years 1914-1918". www.naval-history.net. Gordon Smith, 27 October 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2018.


  27. ^ Houterman, J.N.; Koppes, Jerome. "Royal Navy, Portsmouth Command 1939-1945". www.unithistories.com. Houterman and Koppes, 2004-2006. Retrieved 10 March 2018.


  28. ^ Watson. 2015


  29. ^ Watson. 2015


  30. ^ Houterman and Koppes. 2004-2005


  31. ^ Watson. 2015


  32. ^ Watson. 2015


  33. ^ Houterman and Koppes. 2004-2005











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