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Silver Spring, Maryland
Census-designated place
Clockwise from top: AFI Silver, Veteran's Plaza and the civic building, Downtown Silver Spring from the Metro station, Acorn Park, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Station
Location of Silver Spring, Maryland
Silver Spring Location of Silver Spring, Maryland Show map of Maryland Silver Spring Silver Spring (the United States) Show map of the United States
Coordinates: 39°00′09″N 77°01′15″W / 39.002441°N 77.020791°W / 39.002441; -77.020791[1]Coordinates: 39°00′09″N 77°01′15″W / 39.002441°N 77.020791°W / 39.002441; -77.020791[1]
Country	United States
State	Maryland
County	Montgomery
Area [1]
• Total	7.914 sq mi (20.496552 km2)
• Land	7.885 sq mi (20.420951 km2)
• Water	0.029 sq mi (0.075601 km2)
Elevation	341 ft (104 m)
Population (April 1, 2010)[2]
• Total	71,452
• Estimate  (2017)[3]	79,483
• Density	9,000/sq mi (3,500/km2)
Time zone	UTC– 05:00 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC– 04:00 (EDT)
ZIP Codes	20901 20902 20903 20904 20905 20906 20910
Area codes	301, 240
FIPS code	24-72450
GNIS feature ID	0591290
Highways	I-495 US 29 MD 97 MD 193 MD 390 MD 410

Silver Spring is an unincorporated community, large village, suburb of Washington, D.C., and census-designated place located inside the Capital Beltway in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It had a population of 79,483, according to the 2017 official estimate by the United States Census Bureau,^[3] making it the fourth most populous place in Maryland, after Baltimore, Columbia, and Germantown, and the second largest in Montgomery County after Germantown.^[4] Inner Silver Spring consists of the following neighborhoods: Downtown Silver Spring, East Silver Spring, Woodside, North Woodside, Woodside Park, North Hills Sligo Park, Long Branch, Montgomery Knolls, Franklin Knolls, Indian Spring Terrace, Indian Spring Village, Clifton Park Village, New Hampshire Estates, Oakview, and Woodmoor. Outer Silver Spring consist of the following neighborhoods: Four Corners, Wheaton, Glenmont, Forest Glen, Aspen Hill, Hillandale, White Oak, Colesville, Colesville Park, Cloverly, Calverton, Briggs Chaney, Greencastle, Northwood Park, Sunset Terrace, Fairland, Lyttonsville, and Kemp Mill.

The urbanized, oldest, and southernmost part of Silver Spring is a major business hub that lies at the north apex of Washington, D.C. As of 2004, the Central Business District (CBD) held 7,254,729 square feet (673,986 m²) of office space, 5216 dwelling units and 17.6 acres (7.1 ha) of parkland. The population density of this CBD area of Silver Spring was 15,600 per square mile all within 360 acres (1.5 km²) and approximately 2.5 square miles (6 km²) in the CBD/downtown area.^[5]
The community has recently undergone a significant renaissance, with the addition of major retail, residential, and office developments.

Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840, by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the surrounding land. Acorn Park, tucked away in an area of south Silver Spring away from the main downtown area, is believed to be the site of the original spring.^{[6][7][8][9][10]}

Geography

The boundaries of the Silver Spring CDP (in dark orange) as of 2010

As an unincorporated area, Silver Spring's boundaries are not officially defined. As of the 2010 Census the United States Census Bureau defines Silver Spring as a census-designated place with a total area of 7.92 square miles (20.5 km²), all land; however, it does contain numerous creeks and small lakes. This definition is a 15% reduction from the 9.4 square miles (24 km²) used in previous years. The United States Geological Survey locates the center of Silver Spring at 38°59′26″N 77°1′35″W / 38.99056°N 77.02639°W / 38.99056; -77.02639, notably some distance from the Census Bureau's datum. By another definition, Silver Spring is located at 39°0′15″N 77°1′8″W / 39.00417°N 77.01889°W / 39.00417; -77.01889 (39.004242, −77.019004).^[11] The definitions used by the Silver Spring Urban Planning District, the United States Postal Service, the Greater Silver Spring Chamber of Commerce, etc., are all different, each defining it for its own purposes.

Residents of a large swath of southeastern Montgomery County have Silver Spring mailing addresses, including Four Corners, Wheaton, Glenmont, Forest Glen, Aspen Hill, Hillandale, White Oak, Colesville, Colesville Park, Cloverly, Calverton, Briggs Chaney, Greencastle, Northwood Park, Ashton, Sandy Spring, Sunset Terrace, Fairland, Lyttonsville, Kemp Mill, a portion of Langley Park, and a portion of Adelphi. The area that has a Silver Spring mailing address is larger in area than any city in Maryland except Baltimore.

Silver Spring's notable landmarks include the world headquarters of Discovery Communications, the AFI Silver Theatre, the world headquarters of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, the headquarters of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the headquarters of the Food and Drug Administration,^[12] and the national headquarters of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.

Downtown Silver Spring in February 2005, as seen from downtown Bethesda

Parks and recreation

Acorn Park, believed to be the site of the "silver spring"

Rock Creek Park passes along the west side of Silver Spring, and offers hiking trails, picnic grounds, and bicycling on weekends, when its main road, Beach Drive, is mostly closed to motor vehicles.

Sligo Creek Park follows Sligo Creek through Silver Spring; it offers hiking trails, tennis courts, playgrounds and bicycling. The latter is facilitated on weekends, when parts of Sligo Creek Parkway are closed to automobiles. The bike trails are winding and slower than most in the region. Recently, rocks have been spread along either side of the road, providing a hazardous bike ride, or skating leisure.

Acorn Park in the downtown area of Silver Spring, is believed to be the site of the eponymous "silver spring."^[6][7][9]

The 14.5-acre (5.9 ha) Jessup-Blair Park was recently renovated and features a soccer field, tennis courts, basketball courts, and picnic area.^[13][14]

Brookside Gardens is a 50-acre (20 ha) park within Wheaton Regional Park, in "greater" Silver Spring. It is located on the original site of Stadler Nursery (now in Laytonsville, Maryland).

Northwest Branch Park is a 700-acre (280 ha) park surrounding the Northwest Branch of the Anacostia River.^[15] The park includes hiking, equestrian, and cycling trails on the Northwest Branch and Rachel Carson Greenway Trails. This park is part of Silver Spring and extends farther within Montgomery County. Note that the Rachel Carson Greenway Trail is named after Rachel Carson, author of Silent Spring and former resident of Silver Spring.^[16]

Demographics

2010

Note: For the 2010 Census the boundaries of the Silver Spring CDP were changed reducing the land area by approx. 15%. As a result, the population count for 2010 shows a 6.6% decrease, while the population density increases 11%.

As enumerated in the 2010 census, there were 71,452 residents, 28,603 total households, and 15,684 families residing in the Silver Spring CDP.^[2] The population density was 9,021.7 people per square mile (3,485.5/km²). There were 30,522 housing units at an average density of 3,853.8 per square mile (1,488.9/km²). The racial makeup of the community, as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau, for residents who self-identified as being members of "one race," was 45.7% "White," 27.8% "Black or African American," 0.6% "American Indian and Alaska Native," 7.9% "Asian," 0.1% "Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander," and 13.2% "Some Other Race" (SOR).^{[2][19][20][21]} 4.8% of the CDP's residents self-identified as being members of "two or more races." "Hispanic or Latino" residents "of any race" comprised 26.3% of the population.^[2] Like much of the Washington metropolitan area, Silver Spring is home to many people of Ethiopian ancestry.^[22]

There were 28,603 households out of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.6% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.2% were non-families. 33.6% of all households are made up of individuals living alone and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.21.

In the census area, the population was spread out with 21.4% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 37.1% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.9 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.

The median income for a household in the census area was US$71,986, and the median income for a family was US$84,136.^[23] Males had a median income of US$46,407 versus US$49,979 for females. The per capita income for the area was US$32,181. 15.0% (±4.9%) of the population and 13.3% (±4.3%) of families were below the poverty line. Twenty-one percent (±9.1%) of those under the age of 18 and 23.6% (±10.6%) of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.^{[citation needed]}

2000

For the 2000 census,^[24] there were 76,540 people, 30,374 households, and 17,616 families residing in the census area (if all areas with the "Silver Spring" address are included, the population swells to around 250,000). The population density was 8,123.6 people per square mile (3,137.2/km²). There were 31,208 housing units at an average density of 3,312.3 per square mile (1,279.1/km²). The racial makeup of the community was 46.61% White, 28.07% Black American, 0.44% Native American, 8.22% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 11.55% from other races, and 5.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race consist of 22.22% of the population.

There were 30,374 households out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.8% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.0% were non-families. Thirty-two-point six percent (32.6%) of all households are made up of individuals and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.21.

The ages of the population are varied, with 23.0% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 37.0% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.5 males.

The median income for a household in the census area was $51,653, and the median income for a family was $60,631. Males had a median income of $38,124 versus $36,096 for females. The per capita income for the area was $26,357. 9.3% of the population and 6.4% of families were below the poverty line. 11.7% of those under the age of 18 and 9.7% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

History

Nineteenth century

The Blair, Lee, and Jalloh and Barrie families, three politically active families of the time, are irrefutably tied to Silver Spring's history. In 1840, Francis Preston Blair, who later helped organize the modern American Republican Party, along with his daughter, Elizabeth, discovered a spring flowing with chips of mica – believed to be the now-dry spring which is visible at Acorn Park.^[6][7][9] Blair was looking for a site for his summer home to escape the heat of Washington, D.C., summers.^[25] Two years later, Blair completed a twenty-room mansion he dubbed Silver Spring on a 250-acre (1 km²) country homestead. In 1854, Blair moved to the mansion permanently.^[25] The house stood until 1954.^[26]

By 1854, Blair's son, Montgomery Blair, who became Postmaster General under Abraham Lincoln and represented Dred Scott before the United States Supreme Court, built the Falkland house in the area.

By the end of the decade, Elizabeth Blair married Samuel Phillips Lee, third cousin of future Confederate leader Robert E. Lee, and gave birth to a boy, Francis Preston Blair Lee. The child would eventually become the first popularly elected Senator in United States history.

During the American Civil War, Abraham Lincoln visited the Silver Spring mansion multiple times. During some of the visits he relaxed by playing town ball with Francis P. Blair's grandchildren.^[27]

In 1864, Confederate Army General Jubal Early occupied Silver Spring prior to the Battle of Fort Stevens. After the engagement, fleeing Confederate soldiers razed Montgomery Blair's Falkland residence.^[28]

At the time, there was a community called Sligo located at the intersection of the Washington-Brookeville Turnpike and the Washington-Colesville-Ashton Turnpike (now named Georgia Avenue and Colesville Road).^[25] Sligo included a tollhouse, a store, a post office, and a few homes.^[25] The communities of Woodside, Forest Glen, and Linden were founded after the Civil War.^[25] These small towns largely lost their separate identities when a post office was established in Silver Spring in 1899.^[25]

By the end of the 19th century, the region began to develop into a town of size and importance. The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad's Metropolitan Branch opened on April 30, 1873, and ran from Washington, D.C. to Point of Rocks, Maryland, through Silver Spring.^[29]

The first suburban development appeared in 1887 when Selina Wilson divided part of her farm on current-day Colesville Road (U.S. Route 29) and Brookeville Road into five- and ten-acre (20,000- and 40,000 m²) plots. In 1892, Francis Preston Blair Lee and his wife, Anne Brooke Lee, gave birth to E. Brooke Lee, who is known as the father of modern Silver Spring for his visionary attitude toward developing the region.^[30]

Twentieth century

The Silver Spring Armory in 1917, constructed by E. Brooke Lee

Play media

An ambulance driving down Silver Spring's Georgia Avenue in 1950

Silver Spring in 1979

The early 20th century set the pace for downtown Silver Spring's growth. E. Brooke Lee and his brother, Blair Lee I, founded the Lee Development Company, whose Colesville Road office building remains a downtown fixture. Dale Drive, a winding roadway, was built to provide vehicular access to much of the family's substantial real estate holdings. Suburban development continued in 1922 when Woodside Development Corporation created Woodside Park, a neighborhood of 1-acre (4,000 m²) plot home sites built on the former Noyes estate in 1923.^[31] In 1924, Washington trolley service on Georgia Avenue (present-day Maryland Route 97) across B&O's Metropolitan Branch was temporarily suspended so that an underpass could be built. The underpass was completed two years later, but trolley service never resumed. It would be rebuilt again in 1948 with additional lanes for automobile traffic, opening the areas to the north for readily accessible suburban development.

Takoma-Silver Spring High School, built in 1924, was the first high school for Silver Spring. The community's rapid growth led to the need for a larger school. In 1935, when a new high school was built at Wayne Avenue and Sligo Creek Parkway, it was renamed Montgomery Blair High School. (The school remained at that location for over six decades, until 1998, when it was moved to a new, larger facility at the corner of Colesville Road (U.S. Route 29) and University Boulevard (Maryland Route 193). The former high school building became a combined middle school and elementary school, housing Silver Spring International Middle School and Sligo Creek Elementary School.) The Silver Spring Shopping Center (built by developer Albert Small)^[32] and the Silver Theatre (designed by noted theater architect John Eberson) were completed in 1938,^[33] at the request of developer William Alexander Julian. The Silver Spring Shopping Center was unique because it was one of the nation's first retail spaces that featured a street-front parking lot. Conventional wisdom held that merchandise should be in windows closest to the street so that people could see it; the shopping center broke those rules (the shopping center was purchased by real estate developer Sam Eig in 1944 who was instrumental in attracting large retailers to the city).^[34]

By the 1950s, Silver Spring was the second busiest retail market between Baltimore and Richmond, with the Hecht Company, J.C. Penney, Sears, Roebuck and Company, and a number of other retailers. In 1954, after standing for over a century, the Blair mansion "Silver Spring" was razed and replaced with the Blair Station Post office. In 1960, Wheaton Plaza (later known as Westfield Wheaton), a shopping center several miles north of downtown Silver Spring opened, and captured much of the town's business. The downtown area soon started a long period of decline.

On December 19, 1961, a two-mile (3.2 km) segment of the Capital Beltway (I-495) was opened to traffic between Georgia Avenue (MD 97) and University Boulevard East (MD 193).^[35][36] On Monday, August 17, 1964, the final segment of the 64-mile (103 km) Beltway was opened to traffic,^[37] and a ribbon-cutting ceremony was held near the New Hampshire Avenue interchange, with a speech by then-Gov. J. Millard Tawes,^[38] who called it a "road of opportunity" for Maryland and the nation.^[39]

Washington Metro rail service into Washington, D.C. helped breathe life into the region starting in 1978 with the opening of the Silver Spring station. The Metro Red Line was built following the alignment of the B&O Metropolitan Branch, with the Metro tracks centered between the B&O's eastbound and westbound mains. The Red Line heads south to downtown DC from Silver Spring, running at grade before descending into Union Station. By the mid-1990s, the Red Line continued north from the downtown Silver Spring core, entering a tunnel just past the Silver Spring station and running underground to three more stations, Forest Glen, Wheaton and Glenmont.

Nevertheless, the downtown decline continued in the 1980s, as the Hecht Company closed in 1987 and opened a new store at Wheaton Plaza. Furthermore, Hecht's added a covenant forbidding another department store from renting its old spot. City Place, a multi-level mall, was established in the old Hecht Company building in 1992, but it had trouble attracting quality anchor stores and gained a reputation as a budget mall, anchored by Burlington Coat Factory and Marshalls, as well as now-closed anchors AMC Theatres, Gold's Gym, Steve and Barry's, and Nordstrom Rack. JC Penney closed its downtown store—downtown's last remaining department store—in 1989, opening several years later at Wheaton Plaza. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, developers considered a shopping mall and office project called Silver Triangle, with possible anchor stores Nordstrom, Macy's, and JC Penney, but no final agreement was reached. Shortly thereafter, in the mid-1990s, developers considered building a mega-mall and entertainment complex called the American Dream (similar to the Mall of America) in downtown Silver Spring, but the revitalization plan fell through before any construction began because the developers were unable to secure funding. However, one bright spot for downtown was that the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) consolidated its headquarters in a series of 4 new high-rise office buildings near the Silver Spring Metro station in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

Another notable occurrence in Silver Spring during the 1990s was a 1996 train collision on the Silver Spring section of the Metropolitan line. On February 16 of that year, during the Friday-evening rush hour, a MARC commuter train bound for Washington Union Station collided with the Amtrak Capitol Limited train and erupted in flames on a snow-swept stretch of track in Silver Spring, leaving eleven people dead.

The Maryland State Highway Administration started studies of improvements to the Capital Beltway in 1993,^[40] and have continued, off and on, examining a number of alternatives (including HOV lanes and high-occupancy toll lanes) since then.

Twenty-first century

Civic Building and Veterans Plaza

At the beginning of the 21st century, downtown Silver Spring began to see the results of redevelopment. Several city blocks near City Place Mall were completely reconstructed to accommodate a new outdoor shopping plaza called "Downtown Silver Spring." New shops included national retail chains such as Whole Foods Market, a 20-screen Regal Theatres, Men's Wearhouse, Ann Taylor Loft, DSW Shoe Warehouse, Office Depot, and the now-closed Pier 1 Imports, as well as many restaurants, including Panera Bread, Red Lobster, Cold Stone Creamery, Fuddruckers, Potbelly Sandwich Works, Nando's Peri-Peri, and Chick-fil-a. A Borders book store was a popular spot until it closed when the chain went out of business; it was replaced by H&M. In addition to these chains, Downtown Silver Spring is home to a wide variety of family-owned restaurants representing its vast ethnic diversity. As downtown Silver Spring revived, its 160-year history was celebrated in a PBS documentary entitled Silver Spring: Story of an American Suburb, released in 2002.^[41] In 2003, Discovery Communications completed the construction of its headquarters and relocated to downtown Silver Spring from nearby Bethesda. However, Discovery, Inc. announced in 2017 that they would be relocating to New York City. The reason for this move, according to Discovery, was to operate close to their "ad partners on Madison Avenue," " investors and analysts on Wall Street," and their "creative and production community," said their CEO, David Zaslav, in a email to employees.^[42] The same year also brought the reopening of the Silver Theatre, as AFI Silver, under the auspices of the American Film Institute. Development continues with the opening of new office buildings, condos, stores, and restaurants. In 2015–16, the long-struggling City Place Mall underwent a complete renovation, had its name changed to Ellsworth Place, and brought in new tenants, including TJ Maxx, Ross Dress for Less (a re-opening original tenant), Michaels, Forever 21, and Dave & Buster's. The restoration of the old B&O Passenger Station was undertaken between 2000 and 2002, as recorded in the documentary film Next Stop: Silver Spring.^[43][44] In 2005 Downtown Silver Spring was awarded the Rudy Bruner Award for Urban Excellence silver medal.^[45]

Beginning in 2004, the downtown redevelopment was marketed locally with the "silver sprung" advertising campaign, which declared on buses and in print ads that Silver Spring had "sprung" and was ready for business.^[46] In June 2007, The New York Times noted that downtown was "enjoying a renaissance, a result of public involvement and private investment that is turning it into an arts and entertainment center".^[47]

In 2007, the downtown Silver Spring area gained attention when an amateur photographer was prohibited from taking photographs in what appeared to be a public street. The land, leased to the Peterson Cos., a developer, for $1, was technically private property. The citizens argued that the Downtown Silver Spring development, partially built with public money, was still public property. After a protest on July 4, 2007, Peterson relented and allowed photography on their property under limited conditions. Peterson also claimed that it could revoke these rights at any time. The company further stated that other activities permitted in public spaces, such as organizing protests or distributing campaign literature, were still prohibited.^[48] In response, Montgomery County Attorney Leon Rodriguez said that the street in question, Ellsworth Drive, "constitutes a public forum" and that the First Amendment's protection of free speech applies there. In an eight-page letter, Rodriguez wrote, "Although the courts have not definitively resolved the issue of whether the taking, as opposed to the display, of photographs is a protected expressive act, we think it is likely that a court would consider the taking of the photograph to be part of the continuum of action that leads to the display of the photograph and thus also protected by the First Amendment."^[49] The incident was part of a trend in the United States regarding the blurring of public and private spaces in developments built with both public and private funds.

In 2008, construction of the long-planned Intercounty Connector (ICC), which crosses the upper reaches of Silver Spring, got under way. The highway's first section opened on February 21, 2011; the entire route was completed by 2012.

In July 2010, the Silver Spring Civic Building and Veterans Plaza opened in downtown Silver Spring.

Culture

American Film Institute Silver Theater

Downtown Silver Spring hosts several entertainment, musical, and ethnic festivals, the most notable of which are the Silverdocs documentary film festival held each June and hosted by Discovery Communications and the American Film Institute, as well as the annual Thanksgiving Day Parade (Saturday before Thanksgiving) for Montgomery County. The Silver Spring Jazz Festival has become the biggest event of the year drawing 20,000 people to the free festival held on the second Saturday in September. Featuring local jazz artists and a battle of high school bands, the Silver Spring Jazz Festival has featured such jazz greats as Wynton Marsalis, Arturo Sandoval, Sérgio Mendes, Aaron Neville and such bands as the Mingus Big Band and the Fred Wesley Group.

The Fillmore is a live entertainment and music venue with a capacity of 2,000 people. It opened in 2011 in the former JC Penney building on Colesville Road. The venue joins the American Film Institute and Discovery Communications as cornerstones of the downtown Silver Spring's arts and entertainment district. It has featured performances by artists Prince Royce, Minus the Bear, Tyga and many other hip hop acts. In August 2012 R&B singer Reesa Renee launched her album Reelease at the Fillmore.

Downtown Silver Spring is also home to the Cultural Arts Center, Montgomery College. The Cultural Arts Center offers a varied set of cultural performances, lectures, films, and conferences. It is a resource for improving cultural literacy, encouraging cross-cultural understanding, and to build bridges between the arts, cultural studies, and all disciplines concerned with the expression of culture.

Dining in Silver Spring is also extremely varied, including American, African, Burmese, Ethiopian, Moroccan, Italian, Mexican, Salvadoran, Jamaican, Vietnamese, Lebanese, Thai, Persian, Chinese, Indian, Greek, and fusion restaurants, as well as many national and regional chains.

Silver Spring has many churches, synagogues, temples, and other religious institutions, including the World Headquarters of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Silver Spring serves as the primary urban area in Montgomery County and its revitalization has ushered in an eclectic mix of people and ideas, evident in the fact that the flagship high school (Montgomery Blair High School) has no majority group with each major racial and ethnic group claiming a significant percentage.

Silver Spring hosts the American Film Institute Silver Theatre and Culture Center, on Colesville Road. The theatre showcases American and foreign films. Discovery Communications, a cable TV and satellite programming company, has its headquarters in downtown, as well. Gandhi Brigade, a youth development media project, began in Silver Spring out of the Long Branch neighborhood. Docs in Progress, a non-profit media arts center devoted to the promotion of documentary filmmaking is located at the "Documentary House" in downtown Silver Spring. Silver Spring Stage, an all-volunteer community theater, performs in Woodmoor, approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) north up Colesville Road from the downtown area. Downtown Silver Spring is also home to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), an agency of the United States Department of Commerce that includes the National Weather Service; the American Nurses Association; and numerous real estate development, biotechnology, and media and communications companies.

Stevie Nicks, of the band Fleetwood Mac has credited Silver Spring, Maryland as the inspiration for the title of the band's 1977 song "Silver Springs". In a 1998 interview, Nicks said "I wrote Silver Springs uh, about Lindsey [Buckingham]. And I ~ we were in Maryland somewhere driving under a freeway sign that said Silver Spring, Maryland. And I loved the name. ...Silver Springs sounded like a pretty fabulous place to me. And uh, 'You could be my silver springs...' that's just a whole symbolic thing of what you could have been to me."^[50]

Transportation

Welcome sign on Georgia Avenue

The major roads in Silver Spring are mostly 3- to 5-lane highways. The Capital Beltway can be accessed from Georgia Avenue (MD 97), Colesville Road (US 29), and New Hampshire Avenue (MD 650).

The long-planned^[51]Intercounty Connector (ICC) (MD-200) toll road opened in three segments between February 2011 and November 2014.^[52][53][54] ICC interchanges in the Silver Spring area include Georgia Avenue, Layhill Road (MD-182), New Hampshire Avenue, Columbia Pike (US-29) and Briggs Chaney Road.^[55]

Silver Spring is serviced by the Brunswick Line of the MARC Train, Metrorail Red Line, Metrobus, Ride On, and the free VanGo. The bus terminal at the Silver Spring Rail Station is the busiest in the entire Washington Metro Area, and provides connections between several transit services, including those mentioned above. This transit facility serves nearly 60,000 passengers daily.

Construction commenced in October 2008 on the new $91 million Paul S. Sarbanes Transit Center which will further expand the station to facilitate the growing demand for public transportation, due to the increase in population in the Silver Spring area. The new center is a multilevel, multimodal facility which incorporates Metrobus, Ride On, Metrorail, MARC train, intercity Greyhound bus, and local taxi services under one roof.^[56] The project was completed over four years behind schedule and $50M over budget. The center opened on September 20, 2015.^[57]

The Purple Line light rail, being studied by the Maryland Transit Administration (MTA) is planned to service this station, connecting Silver Spring with Bethesda to the west and then running east to the University of Maryland-College Park and then southeast to the New Carrollton Metro station. Construction was planned to begin in 2015, although as of January 2015 the project had not been fully approved.^[58]

In addition to the Silver Spring station, the Washington Metrorail's Forest Glen station is also located in Silver Spring and the MARC train also stops at the nearby Kensington station.

Education

Cupola at Montgomery Blair High School

Montgomery County Public Schools

Silver Spring is served by a county-wide public school system, Montgomery County Public Schools.

High schools

• Montgomery Blair High School


• Albert Einstein High School


• Wheaton High School


• James Hubert Blake High School


• Northwood High School


• 
  Paint Branch High School,


• John F. Kennedy High School


• Springbrook High School


• Bethesda Chevy Chase High School

Middle schools

• Silver Spring International Middle School


• Takoma Park Middle School


• Eastern Middle School


• White Oak Middle School


• Briggs Cheney Middle School


• Argyle Middle School


• Col. E. Brooke Lee Middle School


• Sligo Middle School


• Francis Scott Key Middle School


• A. Mario Loiderman Middle School


• Thornton Friends Middle School

Of the public high schools in the region, prior to 2010, Montgomery Blair High School was the only one within the census-designated place of Silver Spring.^[59][60] It is nationally recognized for its Communication Arts Program and its Science, Mathematics, and Computer Science Magnet Program, the latter of which perennially produces a large number of finalists and semi-finalists in such academic competitions as the Intel Science Talent Search.

Private schools

Notable private schools in the region include The Siena School, the Yeshiva of Greater Washington, the Torah School of Greater Washington, and The Barrie School.

Saint Francis International School St. Camillus Campus, K–8, is in Silver Spring.^[61] It was formerly St. Camillus School, which was operated by sisters of Notre Dame de Namur and opened in 1954. In the middle of the 1960s it had up to 1,200 students. Working-class people were the main clientele. The student population was decreasing by the 1980s as working-class people moved from the area. By the same decade the teachers were mostly lay staff. In the decade of the 2000s the school's financial situation deteriorated. In 2010 the school had 260 students. It merged into Saint Francis International, which opened in 2010; at that time all teachers had to reapply for their jobs. In 2010 Saint Francis International had 435 students at all campuses. In 2014 it had 485 students at all campuses; over 70% the students were of parents born abroad.^[62]

Montgomery College

A portion of the Montgomery College Takoma Park/Silver Spring campus is located within the Silver Spring boundary, with the rest of the campus located in Takoma Park. The community college is Montgomery County's main institute of higher education – the main campus is in the county seat of Rockville. Adjacent to the White Oak neighborhood in the outer reaches of Silver Spring is the campus of the National Labor College.

Howard University

Howard University's School of Continuing Education is located in Silver Spring, with its main campus in nearby Washington, D.C..

Libraries

Silver Spring is served by many public libraries:

• 
  Silver Spring Library located in downtown Silver Spring.


• Connie Morrella (formerly Bethesda)


• Wheaton


• Marilyn J. Praisner (formerly Fairland)^[63]
  


• White Oak^[64] and Long Branch.^[65]
  

Silver Spring Library started operation in 1931 and is one of the most heavily used in the Montgomery County System. It was relocated in June 2015 to Wayne Avenue and Fenton Street^[66] as part of the Downtown Silver Spring redevelopment plan.

Economy

A number of major companies and organizations are based in Silver Spring, including:

• 
  United Therapeutics (biotechnology company)


• 
  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (federal agency)


• 
  Urban One (media company)


• 
  American Nurses Association (professional organization)


• 
  CuriosityStream (streaming media company)


• 
  Global Communities (international development and humanitarian aid nonprofit^[67])

Sports

The Silver Spring Saints Youth Football Organization has been a mainstay of youth sports in the town since 1951. Located in Silver Spring, Maryland, the Silver Spring Saints play home games at St. Bernadette's Church near Blair High School. The club was formed when two local Catholic parishes, St. John the Baptist and St. Andrews, merged their football programs to compete in the Capital Beltway League after the CYO (Catholic Youth Organization) for the Archdiocese of Washington D.C. discontinued its youth football program at the end of the 1994 season. The name "Saints" is derived from the merging of the two Catholic parishes. In 2009, the Saints moved from the Capital Beltway League (CBL) to the Mid-Maryland Youth Football & Cheer League (MMYFCL).

Silver Spring is also home to several Mcsl swim teams, including Parkland, Robin Hood, Calverton, Franklin Knolls, Daleview, Oakview, Forest Knolls, Kemp Mill, Long Branch, Stonegate, Glenwood, Rock Creek, and Northwest Branch, Stonegate, Hillandale, and West Hillandale.

Silver Spring and Takoma Park together host Silver Spring-Takoma Thunderbolts a college wooden-bat baseball team playing in the Cal Ripken, Sr. Collegiate Baseball League. Home games are played at Montgomery Blair Stadium.

The Potomac Athletic Club Rugby team has a youth rugby organization based in Silver Spring. Established in 2005, PAC Youth Rugby has tag rugby for ages 5 to 15, girls and boys and also offer introduction to tackle rugby for U13 and U15 players. In addition to introducing numerous young athletes to the sport of rugby, PAC has also won Maryland state championships across the age groups.

Media

Silver Spring is served by the Montgomery Sentinel, as well as Washington, D.C. outlets such as the Washington Post and the Washington Times. Several online outlets also cover local Silver Spring news, including Source of the Spring, The Voice, and Silver Spring Patch. The Gazette ceased publishing in June 2015.

The Washington Hispanic has its offices in Silver Spring.^[68]

Several notable broadcasting companies currently have headquarters in Silver Spring, including Discovery Inc. and Urban One.

Notable people

• 
  Brady Anderson, (b. 1964), baseball player^[69]
  


• 
  Alex Bazzie, (b. 1990), football player^[70]
  


• 
  Carl Bernstein, (b. 1944), journalist, writer^[71]
  


• 
  Keter Betts, (1928–2005), musician^[72]
  


• 
  Lewis Black, (b. 1948), comedian^[73]
  


• 
  Brandon Broady, (b. 1986), comedian, television host^[74]
  


• 
  Bill Callahan, (b. 1966), musician^[75]
  


• 
  Rachel Carson, (1907–1964), author of Silent Spring^[76]
  


• 
  Crystal Chappell, (b. 1965), actress^[77]
  


• 
  Dave Chappelle, (b. 1973), comedian^[78]
  


• 
  Connie Chung, (b. 1946), news presenter^[79]
  


• 
  Gaelan Connel, (b. 1989), actor, musician^[80]
  


• 
  Marc Davis (b. 1990), NASCAR driver^[81]
  


• 
  Dominique Dawes, (b. 1976), gymnast, 4-time Olympic medalist^[82]
  


• 
  Cara DeLizia, (b. 1984), actress^[83]
  


• 
  Matt Drudge, (b. 1966) internet news editor^[84]
  


• 
  Wayne Duvall, (b. 1958), actor^[85]
  


• 
  Michael Ealy, (b. 1973), actor^[86]
  


• 
  Charles Fefferman, (b. 1949), mathematician^[87]
  


• 
  Martin Felsen, (b. 1968), architect^[88]
  


• 
  Steve Francis, former NBA player


• 
  Jason Freeny, (b. 1970), sculptor, toy designer^[89]
  


• 
  Kimmy Gatewood, actress, writer and singer^[90]
  


• 
  Emily Gould, (b. 1981), author^[91]
  


• 
  Jerian Grant, (b. 1992), basketball player for Chicago Bulls
  


• 
  Josh Hart, (b. 1995) basketball player for Villanova; first-round selection in 2017 NBA draft
  


• 
  Keith Howland, (b. 1964), musician (Chicago)^[92]
  


• 
  Frank Jackson (b. 1998), NBA player


• 
  Amir Mohamed el Khalifa, better known by his stage name Oddisee, is an American rapper


• 
  Rick Leventhal, (b. 1960), journalist


• 
  Elliot Levine, (b. 1963), musician (Heatwave)^[93]
  


• 
  Dov Lipman, (b. 1971), member of the Knesset.^[94]
  


• Sam Lytton, a former slave who had been released from slavery and founded the community of Lyttonsville, now a part of Silver Spring^[95]
  


• 
  Roger Mason Jr., former NBA player


• 
  Joey Mbu, (b. 1993), football player^[96]
  


• 
  Victor Oladipo, (b. 1992), basketball player for Indiana Pacers^[97]
  


• 
  George Pelecanos, (b. 1957), author^[98]
  


• 
  Al Quie, (b. 1923), former Governor of Minnesota (1979–1983)^[99]
  


• 
  Gretchen Quie, (1927–2015), artist and former First Lady of Minnesota (1979–1983)^[99]
  


• 
  J. Robbins, (b. 1967), musician (Jawbox, Office of Future Plans)^[100]
  


• 
  Nora Roberts, (b. 1950), novelist^[101]
  


• 
  Daniel Snyder, (b. 1964), businessperson and owner of Washington Redskins
  


• 
  Harold Solomon (b. 1952), tennis player ranked No. 5 in the world^[102]
  


• 
  Norman Solomon, (b. 1951), journalist, political candidate^[103]
  


• 
  Ben Stein, (b. 1944), commentator, humorist, actor^[104]
  


• 
  Rebecca Sugar, (b. ca. 1987), artist, composer, and director^[105]
  


• 
  Daryush Valizadeh, (b. 1979), neomasculinity writer


• 
  Thalia Zedek, (b. 1961), musician (Live Skull, Come)^[106]
  

See also

• Washington metropolitan area


• Montgomery County, Maryland


• Silver Spring Library


• Montgomery County Public Libraries


• Montgomery County Public Schools


• Montgomery College

References

Further reading

• McCoy, J, et al. (2003). Silver Spring Timeline. Retrieved August 6, 2003 from "Silver Spring history".


• McCoy, Jerry A. and Silver Spring Historical Society. Historic Silver Spring. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2005.


• 
  McCoy, Jerry A. (October 20, 2010). Downtown Silver Spring (Print book). Then & now. Silver Spring Historical Society (Silver Spring, Md.). Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub. ISBN 978-0-7385-8631-1. LCCN 2010923962. OCLC 644650590. Lay summary – H-DC, H-Net Reviews (February 2011).
  

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Silver Spring, Maryland.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Silver Spring.

• 
  Geographic data related to Silver Spring at OpenStreetMap
  


• City-Data.com


• Why Is It Named Silver Spring?

Government sites

• The Silver Spring Regional Center


• 
  My Community — Silver Spring & Takoma Park at the Montgomery County Department of Park and Planning, Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission (M-NCPPC)


• 
  Purple Line Study at the Maryland Transit Administration
  


• 
  Intercounty Connector at the Maryland State Highway Administration
  


• 
  Maryland Capital Beltway Study at the Maryland Department of Transportation
  

News websites

• Source of the Spring


• Silver Spring Patch

Newspapers

• The Silver Spring Gazette newspaper

Documentary films

• Silver Spring: Story of an American Suburb


• Next Stop: Silver Spring


• 
  Silver Spring Stories produced by students of Docs in Progress
  

Organizations

• Silver Spring Downtown District


• Silver Spring Historical Society


• Downtown Silver Spring


• South Silver Spring Neighborhood Association


• Greater Silver Spring Chamber of Commerce

v t e Largest cities or towns in Maryland 2010 U.S. Census populations
	Rank	Name	County	Pop.
Baltimore Columbia	1	Baltimore	Independent city	620,961	Germantown Silver Spring
	2	Columbia	Howard	99,615
	3	Germantown	Montgomery	86,395
	4	Silver Spring	Montgomery	71,452
	5	Waldorf	Charles	67,752
	6	Glen Burnie	Anne Arundel	67,639
	7	Ellicott City	Howard	65,834
	8	Frederick	Frederick	65,239
	9	Dundalk	Baltimore	63,597
	10	Rockville	Montgomery	61,209