總兵




總兵，亦稱大總戎[1]，正式的名稱為總兵官，為中國明清兩朝的武官官職軍階名稱，實施期間約為14世紀末至20世紀初。該名稱於明朝為武職虛銜差遣，由勳爵兼任，公侯超品；相對文官虛銜為總督，為部堂官的差遣。清朝則通常為正二品；比敘今之軍長。清朝綠營，軍階由高至低分別為提督、總兵、副將、參將、游擊、都司、守備、千總及把總。



簡介


14世紀－17世紀初之明朝時期，總兵為無品級之武官官名，其統轄兵士、編制定員、位階皆無一定，通常為公侯或地方都督兼任。清朝之後，軍權歸為各省巡撫之文官，而聽從巡撫之總兵武官則改為正二品，視駐地，統轄兵員多寡相差甚多，大約於一萬五千名至數百名之譜。一般來說，清朝於全中國設有總兵定員83名，其中，陸路總兵約佔70名，水路則為13名，統轄中國內地十八省614防營約63萬兵力。


史上最有名的總兵官為「總督軍務威武大將軍『總兵官』太師鎮國公朱壽」



參見


  • 清朝官職表







  1. ^ 《幼學瓊林》：都督稱為大鎮國，總兵稱為大總戎。




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