人类很早就對于冰川有所认识。中国唐朝的玄奘师徒西行時曾把天山木札尔特冰川描写为:「冰雪所聚,积而为凌,春夏不解……」大意就是说冰雪堆积形成了冰凌,不論春夏都不融化。欧洲的阿尔卑斯山是现代冰川的研究的起源地。人类首次系统研究阿尔卑斯山的冰川19世纪30、40年代阿加西,J.L.R.(Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz)建立世界上第一个冰川研究站开始,奠定冰川学的基础。1911年J.P.科赫和韦格纳开创了对大陆冰盖的研究。20世纪50年代以来几次大规模的国际合作计划,70年代以来氧同位素、雷达测量、卫星遥感和遥测技术的应用,都有效促进对冰川的认识和研究。[1]
American singer and actress Ariana Grande Grande performing during the Dangerous Woman Tour in February 2017 Born Ariana Grande-Butera ( 1993-06-26 ) June 26, 1993 (age 25) Boca Raton, Florida, U.S. Occupation Singer songwriter actress Years active 2008–present Relatives Frankie Grande (half-brother) Musical career Genres Pop R&B Instruments Vocals Labels Republic Associated acts Big Sean Mac Miller Nicki Minaj Victoria Monét Pharrell Williams Website arianagrande.com Ariana Grande-Butera ( / ˌ ɑːr i ˈ ɑː n ə ˈ ɡ r ɑː n d eɪ / ; [1] born June 26, 1993) [2] is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. Born in Florida to a family of Italian origin, she began her career in 2008 in the Broadway musical 13 , before playing the role of Cat Valentine in the Nickelodeon television series Victorious (2010–2013) and in the spinoff Sam & Cat (2013–2014). She has also appeared in other theatre and telev...
This article is about drinks containing alcohol. For alcohol as a drug specifically, see Alcohol (drug). A selection of alcoholic drinks. From left to right: red wine, malt whisky, lager, sparkling wine, lager, cherry liqueur and red wine. A liquor store in the United States. Global sales of alcoholic drinks exceeded $1 trillion in 2014. An alcoholic drink (or alcoholic beverage ) is a drink that contains ethanol, a type of alcohol produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of sugar. Drinking alcohol plays an important social role in many cultures. Most countries have laws regulating the production, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. [1] Some countries ban such activities entirely, but alcoholic drinks are legal in most parts of the world. The global alcoholic drink industry exceeded $1 trillion in 2014. [2] Alcohol is a depressant, which in low doses causes euphoria, reduces anxiety, and improves sociability. In higher doses, it causes drunke...