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	Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	U.S. National Historic Landmark
	U.S. National Historic Site
	;
	; View inside Fort Union from the Southwest bastion looking towards the Bourgeois (manager's) house.;
	; ; ; ; ; ; Show map of North Dakota; ; ; ; ; ; ; Show map of the US; ;
Location	; McKenzie and Williams counties, North Dakota, and Richland and Roosevelt counties, Montana;
Nearest city	Williston, North Dakota
Coordinates	; 47°59′58″N 104°2′26″W / 47.99944°N 104.04056°W / 47.99944; -104.04056Coordinates: 47°59′58″N 104°2′26″W / 47.99944°N 104.04056°W / 47.99944; -104.04056;
Area	444 acres (1.80 km2)
Built	1828
Architect	American Fur Company
Architectural style	Greek Revival, Other
Visitation	16,940 (2005)
Website	Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site
NRHP reference #	66000103
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	October 15, 1966;
Designated NHL	July 4, 1961;
Designated NHS	June 20, 1966

Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site is the site of a partially reconstructed trading post on the Missouri River and the North Dakota/Montana border, 25 miles from Williston, North Dakota. It is one of the earliest declared National Historic Landmarks in the United States. The fort, possibly first known as Fort Henry or Fort Floyd, was built in 1828 or 1829 by the Upper Missouri Outfit managed by Kenneth McKenzie and capitalized by John Jacob Astor's American Fur Company.^[4]

Fort Union was the most important fur trading post on the upper Missouri until 1867. It was instrumental in developing the fur trade in Montana. Here Assiniboine, Crow, Cree, Ojibwe, Blackfoot, Hidatsa, Lakota, and other tribes traded buffalo robes and furs for trade goods including items such as beads,^[5] clay pipes,^[6] guns, blankets, knives, cookware, cloth, and alcohol. Historic visitors to the fort included John James Audubon, George Catlin, Sha-có-pay, Father Pierre DeSmet, Sitting Bull, Karl Bodmer, Hugh Glass, and Jim Bridger.

The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961^[3]^[7] and was named Fort Union Trading Post by the National Park Service to differentiate it from Fort Union National Monument, a historic frontier Army post in New Mexico.

Today, the partially reconstructed Fort Union interprets how portions of the fort may have looked in 1851, based on archaeological excavations as well as sketches by contemporaries, including Rudolf Kurz, the post clerk in 1851.

References

^ National Park Service (April 17, 2015), Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties: 4/06/15 through 4/10/15, retrieved April 23, 2015.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.

^ National Park Service (2007-01-23). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.

^ ^a^b "Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-01-21.

^ John Matzko, Reconstructing Fort Union (University of Nebraska Press, 2001), 11.

^ De Vore, Steven LeRoy, 1992. BEADS of the BISON ROBE TRADE: The Fort Union Trading Post Collection. Friends of Fort Union Trading Post, Williston, North Dakota. http://www.nps.gov/archive/fous/booksplus.html

^ Sudbury, J. Byron, 2009. Politics of the Fur Trade: Clay Tobacco Pipes at Fort Union Trading Post (32WI17). Historic Clay Tobacco Pipe Studies Research Monograph 2. 225 pages. Clay Pipes Press, Ponca City, Oklahoma 74602-2282 USA. http://www.claypipes.com/FortUnion.htm

^ Roy A. Matteson (October 5, 1951) National Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings: Fort Union, National Park Service and Accompanying 1 photo from July 1948.

External links

Media related to Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site at Wikimedia Commons

Fort Union Trading Post Historic Site at NPS.gov

[WkList-1] National Park Service (April 17, 2015), Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties: 4/06/15 through 4/10/15, retrieved April 23, 2015.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.

[nris-2] National Park Service (2007-01-23). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.

[nhlsum-3] "Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2008-01-21.

[4] John Matzko, Reconstructing Fort Union (University of Nebraska Press, 2001), 11.

[5] De Vore, Steven LeRoy, 1992. BEADS of the BISON ROBE TRADE: The Fort Union Trading Post Collection. Friends of Fort Union Trading Post, Williston, North Dakota. http://www.nps.gov/archive/fous/booksplus.html

[6] Sudbury, J. Byron, 2009. Politics of the Fur Trade: Clay Tobacco Pipes at Fort Union Trading Post (32WI17). Historic Clay Tobacco Pipe Studies Research Monograph 2. 225 pages. Clay Pipes Press, Ponca City, Oklahoma 74602-2282 USA. http://www.claypipes.com/FortUnion.htm

[nrhpinv2-7] Roy A. Matteson (October 5, 1951) National Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings: Fort Union, National Park Service and Accompanying 1 photo from July 1948.

v t e U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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v t e Protected areas of North Dakota
National Parks	Theodore Roosevelt
National Historic Sites	Fort Union Trading Post Knife River Indian Villages
National Wildlife Refuges	Appert Lake Ardoch Arrowwood Audubon Bone Hill Creek Brumba Buffalo Lake Camp Lake Canfield Lake Chase Lake Cottonwood Lake Dakota Lake Des Lacs Florence Lake Halfway Lake Hiddenwood Hobart Lake Hutchinson Lake J. Clark Salyer Johnson Lake Kellys Slough Lake Alice Lake George Lake Ilo Lake Nettie Lake Otis Lake Patricia Lake Zahl Lambs Lake Little Goose Long Lake Lords Lake Lost Lake Maple River McLean Pleasant Lake Pretty Rock Rabb Lake Rock Lake Rose Lake School Section Lake Shell Lake Sheyenne Lake Sibley Lake Silver Lake Slade Snyder Lake Springwater Stewart Lake Stoney Slough Storm Lake Stump Lake Sullys Hill National Game Preserve Sunburst Lake Tewaukon Tomahawk Upper Souris White Lake Wild Rice Willow Lake Wintering River Wood Lake
National Grasslands	Cedar River Dakota Prairie Little Missouri Sheyenne
U.S. Wilderness Areas	Chase Lake Lostwood Theodore Roosevelt
Other Federal	International Peace Garden North Country National Scenic Trail
State	Parks Beaver Lake Cross Ranch Fort Abraham Fort Ransom Fort Stevenson Grahams Island Icelandic Lake Metigoshe Lake Sakakawea Lewis and Clark Little Missouri Sully Creek Turtle River Recreation areas Butte Saint Paul Crow Flies High Black Tiger Bay Doyle Memorial Indian Hills Little Metigoshe Pelican Point Pembina Gorge

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Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site

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