Order of St Michael and St George


























































Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George

Order of Saint Michael and Saint George grand cross collar badge (United Kingdom 1870-1900) - Tallinn Museum of Orders.jpg
Collar and Badge of the Grand Cross

Awarded by
Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (Order of St Michael and St George).svg
Sovereign of the United Kingdom
Type Order of chivalry
Established 28 April 1818
Motto
Auspicium Melioris Ævi
Token of a Better Age
Awarded for At the monarch's pleasure
Status Currently constituted
Founder Prince George, Prince Regent
Sovereign Queen Elizabeth II
Grand Master Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
Grades Knight/Dame Grand Cross (GCMG)
Knight/Dame Commander (KCMG/DCMG)
Companion (CMG)
Precedence
Next (higher) Order of the Star of India
Next (lower) Order of the Indian Empire

UK Order St-Michael St-George ribbon.svg
Ribbon bar of the Order of St Michael and St George



Star of a Knight or Dame Grand Cross


The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George, Prince Regent, later King George IV,[1][2] while he was acting as regent for his father, King George III.


It is named in honour of two military saints, St Michael and St George.


The Order of St Michael and St George was originally awarded to those holding commands or high position in the Mediterranean territories acquired in the Napoleonic Wars, and was subsequently extended to holders of similar office or position in other territories of the British Empire.[2] It is at present awarded to men and women who hold high office or who render extraordinary or important non-military service in a foreign country, and can also be conferred for important or loyal service in relation to foreign and Commonwealth affairs.[2]




Contents






  • 1 Description


  • 2 History


  • 3 Composition


    • 3.1 Officers




  • 4 Habit and insignia


  • 5 Chapel


  • 6 Precedence and privileges


  • 7 Popular references


  • 8 Current Knights and Dames Grand Cross


    • 8.1 Knights and Dames Grand Cross


    • 8.2 Officers


    • 8.3 Honorary Knights/Dame Grand Cross (GCMG)


    • 8.4 Honorary Knights/Dames Commander (KCMG/DCMG)




  • 9 See also


  • 10 References


  • 11 External links





Description


The Order includes three classes, in descending order of seniority and rank:




  • Knight Grand Cross or Dame Grand Cross (GCMG)[1][2]


  • Knight Commander (KCMG) or Dame Commander (DCMG)[1][2]


  • Companion (CMG)[1][2]





St George and the Dragon by Mattia Preti (1678)




Coat of arms of the British monarch as sovereign of the Order of St Michael and St George


It is used to honour individuals who have rendered important services in relation to Commonwealth or foreign nations. People are appointed to the Order rather than awarded it. British Ambassadors to foreign nations are regularly appointed as KCMGs or CMGs. For example, the former British Ambassador to the United States, Sir David Manning, was appointed a CMG when he worked for the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), and then after his appointment as British Ambassador to the US, he was promoted to a Knight Commander (KCMG). It is the traditional award for members of the FCO.


The Order's motto is Auspicium melioris ævi (Latin for "Token of a better age"). Its patron saints, as the name suggests, are St. Michael the Archangel, and St. George, patron saint of England. One of its primary symbols is that of St Michael trampling over and subduing Satan in battle.


The Order is the sixth-most senior in the British honours system, after The Most Noble Order of the Garter, The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, The Most Illustrious Order of St Patrick, The Most Honourable Order of the Bath, and The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. The third of the aforementioned Orders—which relates to Ireland, no longer fully a part of the United Kingdom—still exists but is in disuse; no appointments have been made to it since 1936. The last of the Orders on the list, related to India, has also been in disuse since that country's independence in 1947.



History




The Order's insignia often depict St Michael subduing Satan


The Prince Regent founded the Order to commemorate the British amical protectorate over the Ionian Islands, which had come under British control in 1814 and had been granted their own constitution as the United States of the Ionian Islands in 1817. It was intended to reward "natives of the Ionian Islands and of the island of Malta and its dependencies, and for such other subjects of His Majesty as may hold high and confidential situations in the Mediterranean".[3]


In 1864, however, the protectorate ended and the Ionian Islands became part of Greece. A revision of the basis of the Order in 1868, saw membership granted to those who "hold high and confidential offices within Her Majesty's colonial possessions, and in reward for services rendered to the Crown in relation to the foreign affairs of the Empire". Accordingly, numerous Governors-General and Governors feature as recipients of awards in the order.


In 1965 the order was opened to women,[4] with Evelyn Bark becoming the first female CMG in 1967.[5]



Composition


The British Sovereign is the Sovereign of the Order and appoints all other members of the Order (by convention, on the advice of the Government). The next-most senior member is the Grand Master. The office was formerly filled by the Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands; now, however, Grand Masters are chosen by the Sovereign. Grand Masters include:



  • 1818–1825: Sir Thomas Maitland

  • 1825–1850: Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge

  • 1850–1904: Prince George, Duke of Cambridge

  • 1904–1910: George, Prince of Wales

  • 1910–1917: None

  • 1917–1936: Edward, Prince of Wales

  • 1936–1957: Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone

  • 1957–1959: Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax

  • 1959–1967: Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis

  • 1967–present: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent


The Order originally included 15 Knights Grand Cross, 20 Knights Commanders, and 25 Companions but has since been expanded and the current limits on membership are 125, 375, and 1,750 respectively. Members of the Royal Family who are appointed to the Order do not count towards the limit, nor do foreign members appointed as "honorary members".



Officers


The Order has six officers. The Order's King of Arms is not a member of the College of Arms, like many other heraldic officers. The Usher of the Order is known as the Gentleman or Lady Usher of the Blue Rod. Blue Rod does not, unlike the usher of the Order of the Garter, perform any duties related to the House of Lords.




  • Prelate – The Rt. Rev. David Urquhart KCMG (Bishop of Birmingham)


  • Chancellor – Rt Hon. Lord Robertson of Port Ellen KT GCMG PC


  • Secretary – Sir Simon McDonald KCMG KCVO


  • Registrar – Sir David Manning GCMG KCVO


  • King of Arms – Sir Jeremy Greenstock GCMG


  • Lady Usher of the Blue Rod – Dame DeAnne Julius DCMG CBE



Habit and insignia




Mantle of the Order.




Representation of the star of a Knight or Dame Grand Cross




Star and badge of a Knight or Dame Commander




Collar worn by a Knight or Dame Grand Cross


Members of the Order wear elaborate regalia on important occasions (such as coronations), which vary by rank:



  • The mantle, worn only by Knights and Dames Grand Cross, is made of Saxon blue satin lined with crimson silk. On the left side is a representation of the star (see below). The mantle is bound with two large tassels.

  • The collar, worn only by Knights and Dames Grand Cross, is made of gold. It consists of depictions of crowned lions, Maltese Crosses, and the cyphers "SM" and "SG", all alternately. In the centre are two winged lions, each holding a book and seven arrows.


At less important occasions, simpler insignia are used:



  • The star is an insignia used only by Knights and Dames Grand Cross and Knights and Dames Commanders. It is worn pinned to the left breast. The Knight and Dame Grand Cross' star includes seven-armed, silver-rayed 'Maltese Asterisk' (for want of a better description—see image of badge), with a gold ray in between each pair of arms. The Knight and Dame Commander's star is a slightly smaller eight-pointed silver figure formed by two Maltese Crosses; it does not include any gold rays. In each case, the star bears a red cross of St George. In the centre of the star is a dark blue ring bearing the motto of the Order. Within the ring is a representation of St Michael trampling on Satan.

  • The badge is the only insignia used by all members of the Order; it is suspended on a blue-crimson-blue ribbon. Knights and Dames Grand Cross wear it on a riband or sash, passing from the right shoulder to the left hip. Knights Commanders and male Companions wear the badge from a ribbon around the neck; Dames Commanders and female Companions wear it from a bow on the left shoulder. The badge is a seven-armed, white-enamelled 'Maltese Asterisk' (see Maltese Cross); the obverse shows St Michael trampling on Satan, while the reverse shows St George on horseback killing a dragon, both within a dark blue ring bearing the motto of the Order.


On certain "collar days" designated by the Sovereign, members attending formal events may wear the Order's collar over their military uniform or morning wear. When collars are worn (either on collar days or on formal occasions such as coronations), the badge is suspended from the collar. All collars which have been awarded since 1948 must be returned to the Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood. The other insignia may be retained.



Chapel




The chapel of the Order of St Michael and St George in St Paul's Cathedral, London.


The original home of the Order was the Palace of St. Michael and St. George in Corfu, the residence of the Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands and the seat of the Ionian Senate. Since 1906, the Order's chapel has been in St Paul's Cathedral in London. (The Cathedral also serves as home to the chapels of The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire and the Imperial Society of Knights Bachelor.) Religious services for the whole Order are held quadrennially; new Knights and Dames Grand Cross are installed at these services.


The Sovereign and the Knights and Dames Grand Cross are allotted stalls in the choir of the chapel, above which their heraldic devices are displayed. Perched on the pinnacle of a knight's stall is his helm, decorated with a mantling and topped by his crest. Under English heraldic law, women other than monarchs do not bear helms or crests; instead, the coronet appropriate to the dame's rank, if there is one, is used. Above the crest or coronet, the stall's occupant's heraldic banner is hung, emblazoned with his or her coat of arms. At a considerably smaller scale, to the back of the stall is affixed a piece of brass (a "stall plate") displaying its occupant's name, arms and date of admission into the Order. Upon the death of a Knight, the banner, helm, mantling and crest are taken down. The stall plates, however, are not removed; rather, they remain permanently affixed somewhere about the stall, so that the stalls of the chapel are festooned with a colourful record of the Order's Knights and Dames Grand Cross since 1906.


The reredos within the chapel were commissioned from Henry Poole in 1927.[6]



Precedence and privileges




The Duke of Kent, Grand Master of the Order, and his Duchess




German shipping magnate Rickmer Clasen Rickmers (1807–1886) wearing the insignia of a C.M.G. (centre)


Members of the Order of St Michael are assigned positions in the order of precedence in England and Wales. Wives of male members also feature on the order of precedence, as do sons, daughters and daughters-in-law of Knights Grand Cross and Knights Commanders; relatives of female members, however, are not assigned any special precedence. (As a general rule, individuals can derive precedence from their fathers or husbands, but not from their mothers or wives.)


Knights Grand Cross and Knights Commanders prefix "Sir", and Dames Grand Cross and Dames Commanders prefix "Dame", to their forenames. Wives of Knights may prefix "Lady" to their surnames, but no equivalent privilege exists for husbands of Dames. Such forms are not used by peers and princes, except when the names of the former are written out in their fullest forms. Furthermore, honorary (foreign) members and clergymen do not receive the accolade and thus are not entitled to use the prefix "Sir" or "Dame". Knights and Dames Grand Cross use the post-nominal "GCMG"; Knights Commanders and Dames Commanders use "KCMG" and "DCMG" respectively; Companions use "CMG".


Knights and Dames Grand Cross are also entitled to receive heraldic supporters. They may, furthermore, encircle their arms with a depiction of the circlet (a circle bearing the motto) and the collar; the former is shown either outside or on top of the latter. Knights and Dames Commanders and Companions may display the circlet, but not the collar, surrounding their arms. The badge is depicted suspended from the collar or circlet.



Popular references




Riband (worn incorrectly), star and collar of GCMG worn by Lord Grenfell


In the satirical British television programme Yes Minister, Jim Hacker MP is told an old joke[7] by his Private Secretary Bernard Woolley about what the various post-nominals stand for. From Season 2, Episode 2 "Doing the Honours":


.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}

Woolley: In the [civil] service, CMG stands for "Call Me God". And KCMG for "Kindly Call Me God".
Hacker: What does GCMG stand for?
Woolley (deadpan): "God Calls Me God".



Ian Fleming's spy, James Bond, a commander in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) was fictionally decorated with the CMG in 1953. (This is mentioned in the novels From Russia, with Love and On Her Majesty's Secret Service, and on-screen in his obituary in Skyfall.) He was offered the KCMG (which would have elevated him from a Companion in the Order to a Knight Commander in the Order) in The Man with the Golden Gun, but he rejected that offer as he did not wish to become a public figure. Dame Judi Dench's character "M" is "offered" early retirement and a GCMG in Skyfall after a series of unfortunate events resulting in the loss of a list that named every NATO espionage operative.


Long-time Doctor Who companion Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart wore the ribbon of the order as the highest of his decorations in the series' classic era.



Current Knights and Dames Grand Cross





Riband, badge and star of a GCMG worn by Lord Tweedsmuir.


(NOTE: For clarity, the table denotes holders of the GCMG only; all other posts-nominal shown, for respective members, are for the sake of completeness alone.)




  • Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II


  • Grand Master: His Royal Highness The Duke of Kent KG GCMG GCVO (1967)



Knights and Dames Grand Cross

















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Number Name Post-nominals Known for Year
appointed
1
Zanzibar Sayyid Sir Jamshid bin Abdullah of Zanzibar
GCMG Sultan of Zanzibar 1963
2
HRH The Duke of Kent
KG GCMG GCVO Royal family 1967
3
United Kingdom Sir Clive Rose
GCMG British diplomat 1981
4
Belize Dame Elmira Minita Gordon
GCMG GCVO Governor General of Belize 1984
5
United Kingdom Sir Antony Acland
KG GCMG GCVO British diplomat 1986
6
United Kingdom Sir John Graham
Bt GCMG British diplomat 1986
7
United Kingdom Sir Crispin Tickell
GCMG KCVO British diplomat 1989
8
United Kingdom The Rt Hon. The Lord Wright of Richmond
GCMG British diplomat 1989
9
Guyana The Hon. Sir Shridath Ramphal

GCMG AC ONZ OE OM OCC QC
Secretary General of the Commonwealth of Nations 1990
11
Papua New Guinea The Rt Hon. Sir Michael Somare

GCL GCMG CH CF KStJ SSI KSG PC
Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea 1990
11
New Zealand Dame Catherine Tizard
GCMG GCVO DBE QSO ONZ Governor General of New Zealand 1990
12
United Kingdom The Rt Hon. The Lord Wilson of Tillyorn
KT GCMG Governor of Hong Kong 1991
13
Papua New Guinea Sir Wiwa Korowi
GCMG Governor General of Papua New Guinea 1992
14
Antigua and Barbuda Sir James Carlisle
GCMG Governor General of Antigua and Barbuda 1993
15
United Kingdom Sir Rodric Braithwaite
GCMG British diplomat 1994
16
Papua New Guinea Sir Julius Chan
GCL GCMG KBE Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea 1994
17
Belize Sir Colville Young
GCMG MBE Governor General of Belize 1994
18
United Kingdom The Rt Hon. The Lord Hannay of Chiswick
GCMG CH British diplomat 1995
19
The Bahamas Sir Orville Turnquest
GCMG QC Governor General of the Bahamas 1995
20
New Zealand The Rt Hon. Sir Michael Hardie Boys
GNZM GCMG QSO Governor General of New Zealand 1996
21
United Kingdom Sir Christopher Mallaby
GCMG GCVO British diplomat 1996
22
Tuvalu Sir Tulaga Manuella
GCMG Governor General of Tuvalu 1996
23
Grenada Sir Daniel Williams
GCMG Governor General of Grenada 1996
24
United Kingdom Sir John Coles
GCMG British diplomat 1997
25
Papua New Guinea Sir Silas Atopare
GCL GCMG Governor General of Papua New Guinea 1998
26
Solomon Islands Sir John Lapli
GCMG Governor General of the Solomon Islands 1999
27
Saint Lucia Dame Pearlette Louisy
GCMG Governor General of Saint Lucia 1999
28
United Kingdom Sir Andrew Wood
GCMG British diplomat 2001
29
United Kingdom Sir John Goulden
GCMG British diplomat 2001
30
United Kingdom The Rt Hon. The Lord Kerr of Kinlochard
GCMG British diplomat 2001
31
Tuvalu Sir Tomasi Puapua
GCMG KBE PC Governor General of Tuvalu 2002
32
United Kingdom Sir David Wright
GCMG LVO British diplomat 2002
33
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Sir Frederick Ballantyne
GCMG Governor General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2002
34
United Kingdom Sir Jeremy Greenstock
GCMG British diplomat 2003
35
United Kingdom Sir Rob Young
GCMG British diplomat 2003
36
United Kingdom The Rt Hon. The Lord Robertson of Port Ellen
KT GCMG PC Secretary General of NATO 2004
37
United Kingdom Sir Stephen Wall
GCMG LVO British diplomat 2004
38
Papua New Guinea The Rt Hon. Sir Paulias Matane
GCL GCMG OBE Governor General of Papua New Guinea 2005
39
Solomon Islands Sir Nathaniel Waena

GCMG CSI KStJ
Governor General of Solomon Islands 2005
40
United Kingdom The Rt Hon. The Lord Jay of Ewelme
GCMG British diplomat 2006
41
United Kingdom Sir Emyr Jones Parry
GCMG British diplomat 2007
42
Jamaica The Most Hon. Sir Kenneth O. Hall

GCMG OJ
Governor General of Jamaica 2007
43
Antigua and Barbuda Dame Louise Lake-Tack
GCMG Governor General of Antigua and Barbuda 2007
44
United Kingdom Sir David Manning
GCMG KCVO British diplomat 2008
45
Grenada Sir Carlyle Glean
GCMG Governor General of Grenada 2008
46
Jamaica His Excellency The Most Hon. Sir Patrick Allen

ON GCMG CD
Governor General of Jamaica 2009
47
Solomon Islands Sir Frank Kabui

GCMG OBE CSI
Governor General of Solomon Islands 2009
48
The Bahamas Sir Arthur Foulkes
GCMG Governor General of the Bahamas 2010
49
Tuvalu Sir Iakoba Italeli
GCMG Governor General of Tuvalu 2010
50
United Kingdom The Rt Hon. The Lord Ricketts
GCMG GCVO British diplomat 2011
51
United Kingdom Sir Nigel Sheinwald
GCMG British diplomat 2011
52
Barbados Sir Elliott Belgrave
GCMG QC Governor General of Barbados 2012
53
Grenada Dame Cécile La Grenade
GCMG OBE Governor General of Grenada 2013
54
Saint Kitts and Nevis Sir Edmund Lawrence
GCMG OBE Governor General of Saint Kitts and Nevis 2013
55
The Bahamas Dame Marguerite Pindling
GCMG Governor General of the Bahamas 2014
56
Antigua and Barbuda Sir Rodney Williams
GCMG Governor General of Antigua and Barbuda 2014
57
United Kingdom The Rt Hon. The Baroness Ashton of Upholland
GCMG PC British diplomat 2015
58
United Kingdom Sir John Sawers
GCMG British diplomat 2015
59
Saint Kitts and Nevis Sir Tapley Seaton
GCMG CVO QC JP Governor General of Saint Kitts and Nevis 2015
60
United Kingdom Sir Simon Fraser
GCMG British diplomat 2016
61
United Kingdom Sir Peter Westmacott
GCMG LVO British diplomat 2016
62
Papua New Guinea Sir Robert Dadae
GCMG Governor General of Papua New Guinea 2017
63
Barbados Dame Sandra Mason

GCMG DA QC
Governor General of Barbados 2017
64
United Kingdom Sir Mark Lyall Grant
GCMG British diplomat & National Security Adviser 2018
65
Saint Lucia Sir Neville Cenac
GCMG Governor General of Saint Lucia 2018


Officers



  • Prelate: The Rt Revd David Urquhart KCMG(Lord Bishop of Birmingham)

  • Chancellor: The Lord Robertson of Port Ellen KT GCMG

  • Secretary: Sir Simon McDonald KCMG KCVO, Permanent Under-Secretary of State, Foreign and Commonwealth Office

  • Registrar: Sir David Manning GCMG KCVO


  • King of Arms: Sir Jeremy Greenstock GCMG


  • Gentleman Usher of the Blue Rod: Dame DeAnne Julius DCMG CBE



Honorary Knights/Dame Grand Cross (GCMG)




Star and collar of honorary GCMG worn by Serbian Field Marshal Živojin Mišić






























































































































































































































Name Post-Nominals Known for Year
appointed
Notes

Oman Qaboos bin Said al Said
GCB GCMG GCVO Sultan of Oman 1976

Brunei Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei
GCB GCMG Sultan of Brunei 1984

Qatar Abdelaziz bin Khalifa Al Thani
GCMG Member of the royal family of Qatar 1985

Nepal Gyanendra of Nepal
GCMG Former king of Nepal 1986

Philippines Fidel V. Ramos
GCMG Former president of the Philippines 1995

Poland Aleksander Kwaśniewski
GCB GCMG Former president of Poland 1996

Maldives Maumoon Abdul Gayoom
GCMG Former president of the Maldives 1997 [8]

Pakistan Nawaz Sharif
GCMG Former Prime Minister of Pakistan 1997

Qatar Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
GCB GCMG Former Emir of Qatar 1997

Argentina Carlos Menem
GCMG Former president of Argentina 1998

Mexico Ernesto Zedillo
GCMG Former president of Mexico 1998

Peru Alberto Fujimori
GCMG Former president of Peru 1998

Hungary János Martonyi
GCMG Minister of Foreign Affairs 1999 [8]

Jordan Abdullah II of Jordan
GCB GCMG KCVO King of Jordan 1999

Italy Giuliano Amato
GCMG Former Prime Minister of Italy 2000

Italy Lamberto Dini
GCMG Former Prime Minister of Italy 2000

Romania Emil Constantinescu
GCMG Former president of Romania 2000

South Africa Thabo Mbeki
GCB GCMG Former president of South Africa 2000

Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev
GCMG President of Kazakhstan 2000

Jordan Ali Abu al-Ragheb
GCMG Former Prime Minister of Jordan 2001

Portugal Jorge Sampaio
GCMG Former president of Portugal 2001

Hong Kong Anson Chan

GBM GCMG CBE JP
Former Chief Secretary of Hong Kong [9]

Mexico Vicente Fox
GCMG Former president of Mexico 2002 [8]

East Timor Xanana Gusmão

GCMG, GCL, CNZM
Former Prime Minister of East Timor 2003

Afghanistan Hamid Karzai
GCMG Former president of Afghanistan 2003

Albania Alfred Moisiu
GCMG Former president of Albania 2003

Poland Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz
GCMG Former Prime Minister of Poland 2004

Italy Gianfranco Fini
GCMG Former Deputy Prime Minister of Italy 2005

United Arab Emirates Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
GCMG Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates 2010 [10]

United Arab Emirates Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
GCMG Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi 2010 [11]

Kuwait Sabah Al Khalid Al Sabah
GCMG Deputy Prime Minister of Kuwait 2012 [12]

France Manuel Valls
GCMG Prime Minister of France 2014 [13]

Malta Marie Louise Coleiro Preca
GCMG President of Malta 2015 [14]


Honorary Knights/Dames Commander (KCMG/DCMG)




Knight Commander star of the Order of Saint Michael and Saint George


















































































































































































Name Post-Nominals Known for Year
appointed
Notes

Bahrain Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
KCMG King of Bahrain 1979

United States Henry Kissinger
KCMG Former United States Secretary of State 1995

Spain Javier Solana
KCMG Former Secretary General of NATO 2000

United States Richard Armitage

KCMG, CNZM, AC
Former United States Deputy Secretary of State 2005

Sweden Carl Bildt
KCMG Former Prime Minister of Sweden 2009 [15]

Bangladesh Fazle Hasan Abed
KCMG Founder and chairman of BRAC
2010

Netherlands Jaap de Hoop Scheffer
KCMG Former Secretary General of NATO 2010 [16]

Japan Sadako Ogata
DCMG Japanese academic and diplomat 2011

Greece Efthymios Mitropoulos
KCMG Former Secretary-General of International Maritime Organization
2011

Indonesia Marzuki Alie
KCMG Former Speaker of the Indonesian House of Representatives 2012

Indonesia Irman Gusman
KCMG Former Speaker of the Indonesian House of Regional Representatives 2012

Indonesia Marty Natalegawa
KCMG Former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Indonesia 2012

Indonesia Sudi Silalahi
KCMG Former Secretary of State of Indonesia 2012

United Arab Emirates Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan
KCMG Minister of Foreign Affairs of the UAE 2013

South Korea Yun Byung-se
KCMG Former Minister of Foreign Affairs of South Korea 2013

Belgium Jacques Rogge
KCMG Former President of the International Olympic Committee 2014

United States Angelina Jolie
DCMG American actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian 2014 [17]

France Laurent Fabius
KCMG Former Minister of Foreign Affairs of France 2014

France Laurent Stefanini
KCMG Former Ambassador, Chief of Protocol to President Hollande of France 2014

Singapore Grace Fu
DCMG Singaporean politician 2014

Denmark Anders Fogh Rasmussen
KCMG Former Secretary General of NATO 2015 [18]

Mexico José Antonio Meade Kuribreña
KCMG Mexican politician, economist, lawyer, and diplomat 2015 [18]

Malta Joseph Muscat
KCMG Prime Minister of Malta 2015 [18]

Belgium Peter Piot
KCMG Belgian microbiologist 2016 [19]


See also



  • List of people who have declined a British honour

  • Order of the Bath

  • Order of the British Empire

  • Order of the Garter

  • Order of the Thistle

  • Royal Victorian Order

  • Russian Order of St George



References





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  2. ^ abcdef The Royal Household (2009). "Order of St. Michael and St. George". The Official Website of the British Monarchy. London: Crown Copyright. Archived from the original on 27 February 2009. Retrieved 25 April 2016.


  3. ^ Townsend, Francis (1828). Calendar of Knights. William Pickering. p. 206.


  4. ^ "Knights/Knighthoods genealogy project". geni_family_tree. Retrieved 30 June 2017.


  5. ^
    Evelyn Bark, article in The Independent



  6. ^ Henry POOLE 1873–1928 (Tate Britain); retrieved 1 October 2009.


  7. ^ Cross, Colin (1968). The Fall of the British Empire. London: Book Club Associates.


  8. ^ abc [1]


  9. ^ "H.K.'s ex-No. 2 leader Anson Chan honored by Queen Elizabeth". Findarticles. 11 November 2002. Archived from the original on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2009.


  10. ^ Alice Johnson Khalifa, Queen Elizabeth II exchange orders. Gulf News. 26 November 2010 Retrieved 5 September 2013.


  11. ^ List of honorary British knights and dames


  12. ^ "Sabah Dynasty". Royal Ark. Retrieved 8 September 2013.


  13. ^ "Honorary awards" (PDF). Retrieved 30 June 2017.


  14. ^ "Honorary awards" (PDF). Retrieved 30 June 2017.


  15. ^ [2] Archived 1 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine.


  16. ^ "Hoge Britse ridderorde voor De Hoop Scheffer" (in Dutch).


  17. ^ "Honorary British Awards to Foreign Nationals – 2014". Archived from the original on 16 October 2014.


  18. ^ abc "Honorary British Awards to Foreign Nationals – 2015" (PDF).


  19. ^ "Honorary awards" (PDF).




External links







  • "Knighthood and Chivalry", (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th ed. London: Cambridge University Press.

  • Orans, L. P. "The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George"

  • Velde, F. R. (2003). "Order of Precedence in England and Wales"


  • State Library of New South Wales: Nelson Meers Foundation—gallery to full set of insignia, including images of both sides of the badge and a close-up of the star.












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