List of Governors of Wisconsin




































Governor of Wisconsin

Privy Seal of Wisconsin.svg
Gubernatorial seal


Scott Walker March 2015.jpg

Incumbent
Scott Walker

since January 3, 2011
Residence Wisconsin Governor's Mansion
Term length Four years, no term limits
Inaugural holder Nelson Dewey
Formation June 7, 1848 (1848-06-07)
Deputy Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin
Salary $146,597.88[1]
Website walker.wi.gov

The Governor of Wisconsin is the head of the executive branch of Wisconsin's state government [2] and the commander-in-chief of the state's army and air forces.[3] The governor has a duty to enforce state laws,[3] and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Wisconsin Legislature,[4] to convene the legislature,[3] and to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.[5]


Forty-four individuals have held the office of governor of Wisconsin since the state's admission to the Union in 1848, one of whom—Philip La Follette—served non-consecutive terms. Nelson Dewey, the first governor, took office on June 7, 1848. The longest-serving governor was Tommy Thompson, who took office on January 5, 1987 and resigned on February 1, 2001, a total of 14 years and 28 days. Arthur MacArthur, Sr. had the shortest term: he was governor for a total of just 5 days—from March 21, 1856 to March 25, 1856.[6] The current governor is Scott Walker, who took office on January 3, 2011 and survived a recall election on June 5, 2012.[6]




Contents






  • 1 Governors


    • 1.1 Governors of Wisconsin Territory


    • 1.2 Governors of the State of Wisconsin




  • 2 Other high offices held


  • 3 Living former U.S. governors of Wisconsin


  • 4 Notes


  • 5 References


  • 6 External links





Governors


Initially after the American Revolution, parts of the area now known as Wisconsin were claimed by Virginia, Massachusetts and Connecticut; however, Virginia ceded its claim in 1784, Massachusetts in 1785 and Connecticut in 1786.[7] On July 13, 1787, the Northwest Territory, including the area now called Wisconsin, was formed; Wisconsin remained part of the territory until 1800.[8] The territorial governor during this period was Arthur St. Clair.[9] As parts of the Northwest Territory were admitted to the Union as states, Wisconsin became part of first the Indiana Territory (1800–1809), then the Illinois Territory (1809–1818), and then the Michigan Territory (1818–1836);[8] see the lists of governors of Indiana, of Illinois, and of Michigan for these periods.



Governors of Wisconsin Territory


Wisconsin Territory was formed on July 3, 1836. During the time of its existence, the Wisconsin Territory had three territorial governors, one of whom served non-consecutive terms,[8][10] and one who continued on as acting governor after the territory had officially ceased to exist.





























































#
Governor
Appointed
Left office
[note 1]
Appointed by
Notes
1

Portrait of a well-dressed nineteenth-century man
 

Henry Dodge
April 30, 1836
September 13, 1841[11]

Andrew Jackson

2

Portrait of a well-dressed nineteenth-century man
 

James Duane Doty
September 30, 1841
June 21, 1844

John Tyler

3

Portrait of a well-dressed nineteenth-century man
 

Nathaniel P. Tallmadge
June 21, 1844
April 8, 1845

John Tyler

4

Portrait of a well-dressed nineteenth-century man
 
Henry Dodge
April 8, 1845
June 23, 1848

James Polk
[note 2]


John Catlin (Wisconsin).jpg
 

John Catlin
June 23, 1848
March 3, 1849

none
(acting governor)

[note 2]


Governors of the State of Wisconsin


Wisconsin was admitted to the Union on May 29, 1848. Since then, it has had 45 governors, one of whom served non-consecutive terms.[6]


Originally, governors of Wisconsin served for two-year terms, but in 1967 the state constitution was amended to change this to four.[2]Jeremiah McLain Rusk served one three-year term in the 1880s as the constitution was amended during his first term to move elections from odd to even years, and all officers were allowed to serve an extra year, rather than have their terms cut a year short. Patrick Lucey, elected in the 1970 election, was the first governor to serve a four-year term.[6] Governors of Wisconsin are not term limited.


The state constitution provides for the election of a lieutenant governor; originally, the governor and lieutenant governor were elected on different tickets, and thus were not necessarily of the same party. Since the 1967 amendment, however, the two have been nominated, and voted on, together.[2] Originally, if the office of the governor was vacant for any reason, "the powers and duties of the office . . . devolve[d] upon the lieutenant governor." In 1979, the constitution was amended to make this more specific: if the governor dies, resigns, or is removed from office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor, but becomes acting governor if the governor is absent from the state, impeached, or unable to carry out of duties.[13] If any of these events occur while the office of lieutenant governor is vacant, the secretary of state becomes either governor or acting governor.[14] Two Wisconsin governors have died while in office, one has died after being elected but before taking office, and four have resigned.[6]


Parties

  Democratic (12)
  Republican (31)
  Whig (1)
  Wisconsin Progressive (2)




























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































#
Governor
Took office
Left office
Party

Lt. Governor[15][note 3]
Term(s)
[note 4]
1

Nelson Dewey.jpg
 

Nelson Dewey
June 7, 1848
January 5, 1852

Democratic
 

John E. Holmes
2
 

Samuel W. Beall
2

LeonardJFarwell extracted.jpg
 

Leonard J. Farwell
January 5, 1852
January 2, 1854

Whig
 

Timothy Burns
[note 5]
1
3

William A. Barstow photograph.gif
 

William A. Barstow
January 2, 1854
March 21, 1856
Democratic
 

James T. Lewis
1 13
[note 6]
 

Arthur MacArthur Sr.
4

Arthur macarthur sr.png
 

Arthur MacArthur Sr.
March 21, 1856
March 25, 1856
Democratic

vacant
13
[note 6]
5

Coles Bashford - Brady-Handy.jpg
 

Coles Bashford
March 25, 1856
January 4, 1858

Republican
 
Arthur MacArthur Sr.
13
[note 6]
6

AWRandall.jpg
 

Alexander W. Randall
January 4, 1858
January 6, 1862
Republican
 

Erasmus D. Campbell
2
 

Butler G. Noble
7

Louis P. Harvey.jpg
 

Louis P. Harvey
January 6, 1862
April 19, 1862
Republican
 

Edward Salomon
12
[note 5]
8

Wisconsin Governor Edward Salomon.jpg
 

Edward Salomon
April 19, 1862
January 4, 1864
Republican

vacant
12
[note 7]
9

James T. Lewis Cropped.jpg
 

James T. Lewis
January 4, 1864
January 1, 1866
Republican
 

Wyman Spooner
1
10

Lucius Fairchild Crop.jpg
 

Lucius Fairchild
January 1, 1866
January 1, 1872
Republican
 
Wyman Spooner
3
 

Thaddeus C. Pound
11

Cadwallader Colden Washburn.jpg
 

Cadwallader C. Washburn
January 1, 1872
January 5, 1874
Republican
 

Milton H. Pettit
[note 5]
1
12

William Robert Taylor.jpg
 

William Robert Taylor
January 5, 1874
January 3, 1876
Democratic
 

Charles D. Parker
1
13

Harrison Ludington.jpg
 

Harrison Ludington
January 3, 1876
January 7, 1878
Republican
 
Charles D. Parker
1
14

William E. Smith.jpg
 

William E. Smith
January 7, 1878
January 2, 1882
Republican
 

James M. Bingham
2
15

Jeremiah McLain Rusk - Brady-Handy.jpg
 

Jeremiah McLain Rusk
January 2, 1882
January 7, 1889
Republican
 

Sam S. Fifield
3
[note 8]
 

George W. Ryland
16

William D. Hoard.jpg
 

William D. Hoard
January 7, 1889
January 5, 1891
Republican
 
George W. Ryland
1
17

George W. Peck.jpg
 

George W. Peck
January 5, 1891
January 7, 1895
Democratic
 

Charles Jonas
2
18

William H Upham.jpg
 

William H. Upham
January 7, 1895
January 4, 1897
Republican
 

Emil Baensch
1
19

Edward Scofield.jpg
 

Edward Scofield
January 4, 1897
January 7, 1901
Republican
 
Emil Baensch
2
 

Jesse Stone
20

Robert M. La Follette, Sr.jpg
 

Robert M. La Follette, Sr.
January 7, 1901
January 1, 1906
Republican
 
Jesse Stone
[note 5]
2 12
[note 9]
 

James O. Davidson
21

James Ole Davidson (Wisconsin Governor).png
 

James O. Davidson
January 1, 1906
January 2, 1911
Republican

vacant
2 12
[note 7]
 

William D. Connor
 

John Strange
22

Francis E. McGovern.jpg
 

Francis E. McGovern
January 2, 1911
January 4, 1915
Republican
 

Thomas Morris
2
23

Emanuel Lorenz Philipp.jpg
 

Emanuel L. Philipp
January 4, 1915
January 3, 1921
Republican
 

Edward F. Dithmar
3
24

John J. Blaine.jpg
 

John J. Blaine
January 3, 1921
January 3, 1927
Republican
 

George F. Comings
3
 

Henry A. Huber
25

Fred R. Zimmerman.jpg
 

Fred R. Zimmerman
January 3, 1927
January 7, 1929
Republican
 
Henry A. Huber
1
26

Walter J. Kohler, Sr. (Wisconsin Governor).jpg
 

Walter J. Kohler Sr.
January 7, 1929
January 5, 1931
Republican
 
Henry A. Huber
1
27

Philip Fox La Follette 1925.jpg
 

Philip La Follette
January 5, 1931
January 2, 1933
Republican
 
Henry A. Huber
1
28

Albert G Schmedeman.jpg
 

Albert G. Schmedeman
January 2, 1933
January 7, 1935
Democratic
 

Thomas J. O'Malley
1
29

Philip Fox La Follette 1925.jpg
 

Philip La Follette
January 7, 1935
January 2, 1939

Wisconsin
Progressive
 
Thomas J. O'Malley
[note 5]
2
 

Henry A. Gunderson
[note 10]
 

Herman L. Ekern
30

Julius P. Heil.jpg
 

Julius P. Heil
January 2, 1939
January 4, 1943
Republican
 
Walter S. Goodland
2



Orland Steen Loomis (Wisconsin governor-elect).jpg
 

Orland S. Loomis

did not take office
Wisconsin
Progressive
 
Walter S. Goodland


[note 11]
31

Walter Samuel Goodland.jpg
 

Walter S. Goodland
January 4, 1943
March 12, 1947
Republican

vacant
2 12
[note 5]
 

Oscar Rennebohm
32



Rennebohm Governor.jpg



 

Oscar Rennebohm
March 12, 1947
January 1, 1951
Republican

vacant
1 12
[note 7]
 

George M. Smith
33



Walter Jodok Kohler, Jr. (4728499663).jpg



 

Walter J. Kohler Jr.
January 1, 1951
January 7, 1957
Republican
 
George M. Smith
3
 

Warren P. Knowles
34

Vernon Wallace Thomson.jpg
 

Vernon W. Thomson
January 7, 1957
January 5, 1959
Republican
 
Warren P. Knowles
1
35

GaylordNelson.jpg
 

Gaylord A. Nelson
January 5, 1959
January 7, 1963
Democratic
 

Philleo Nash
2
 
Warren P. Knowles
36

John Reynolds.jpg
 

John W. Reynolds Jr.
January 7, 1963
January 4, 1965
Democratic
 

Jack B. Olson
1
37

WarrenPKnowles.jpg
 

Warren P. Knowles
January 4, 1965
January 4, 1971
Republican
 

Patrick J. Lucey
3
 
Jack B. Olson
38

Patrick Lucey.png
 

Patrick J. Lucey
January 4, 1971
July 6, 1977
Democratic
 

Martin J. Schreiber
1 12
[note 12]
[note 13]
39

Martin Schreiber.png
 

Martin J. Schreiber
July 6, 1977
January 3, 1979
Democratic

vacant
12
[note 7]
40

Blank.gif
 

Lee S. Dreyfus
January 3, 1979
[note 14]
January 3, 1983
Republican
 

Russell A. Olson
1
41

Anthony Earl (Wisconsin Governor).jpg
 

Anthony S. Earl
January 3, 1983
January 5, 1987
Democratic
 

James T. Flynn
1
42

Tommy Thompson 1.jpg
 

Tommy Thompson
January 5, 1987
February 1, 2001
Republican
 

Scott McCallum
3 12
[note 15]
43

Governor Scott McCallum 2001 (cropped).jpg
 

Scott McCallum
February 1, 2001
January 6, 2003
Republican
 

Margaret A. Farrow
12
[note 16]
44

Jim Doyle (cropped).jpg
 

Jim Doyle
January 6, 2003
January 3, 2011
Democratic
 

Barbara Lawton
2
45

Scott Walker by Gage Skidmore 4.jpg
 

Scott Walker
January 3, 2011
Incumbent
Republican
 

Rebecca Kleefisch
2
[note 17]

46

Tony Evers (cropped).jpg
 

Tony Evers

Governor Elect,
Taking office January 7, 2019

Democratic
 

Mandela Barnes
1
[note 18]


Other high offices held


This is a table of other governorships, congressional and other federal offices, and ranking diplomatic positions in foreign countries held by Wisconsin governors.



* Denotes those offices for which the governor resigned the governorship.

† Denotes those offices from which the governor resigned to take the governorship.















































































































Governor
Gubernatorial term
Other offices held
Source

Henry Dodge
1836–1841
1845–1848
U.S. Senator from Wisconsin, Delegate from Wisconsin Territory
[18]

James Doty
1841–1844
Delegate from Wisconsin Territory, U.S. Representative from Wisconsin, Governor of Utah Territory
[19]

Nathaniel Tallmadge
1844–1845

Senator from New York†
[20]

Arthur MacArthur, Sr.
1856

Justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia
[21]

Coles Bashford
1856–1858

Delegate from Arizona Territory
[22]

Alexander Randall
1858–1862
Minister to the Papal States; Postmaster General
[23]

Lucius Fairchild
1866–1872

Minister to Spain
[24]

Cadwallader Washburn
1872–1874
U.S. Representative from Wisconsin
[25]

Jeremiah Rusk
1882–1889
U.S. Representative from Wisconsin, Secretary of Agriculture
[26]

Robert La Follette, Sr.
1901–1906
U.S. Senator from Wisconsin*, U.S. Representative from Wisconsin
[27]

John Blaine
1921–1927
U.S. Senator from Wisconsin
[28]

Albert Schmedeman
1933–1935

Minister to Norway
[29]

Vernon Thomson
1957–1959
U.S. Representative from Wisconsin
[30]

Gaylord Nelson
1959–1963
U.S. Senator from Wisconsin
[31]

John W. Reynolds, Jr.
1963–1965

District Judge for the Eastern District of Wisconsin
[32]

Patrick Lucey
1971–1977

Ambassador to Mexico*
[33]

Tommy Thompson
1987–2001

Secretary of Health and Human Services*
[34]


Living former U.S. governors of Wisconsin


As of January 2018[update], there are five former U.S. governors of Wisconsin who are currently living at this time, the oldest U.S. governor of Wisconsin being Anthony S. Earl (served 1983–1987, born 1936). The most recent death of a former U.S. governor of Wisconsin was that of Patrick Lucey (served 1971–1977, born 1918) on May 10, 2014.[6] The most recently serving governor to die was Lee S. Dreyfus (served 1979–1983, born 1926) on January 2, 2008.

































Governor
Gubernatorial term
Date of birth (and age)

Martin J. Schreiber
1977–1979

(1939-04-08) April 8, 1939 (age 79)

Anthony S. Earl
1983–1987

(1936-04-12) April 12, 1936 (age 82)

Tommy Thompson
1987–2001

(1941-11-19) November 19, 1941 (age 76)

Scott McCallum
2001–2003

(1950-05-02) May 2, 1950 (age 68)

Jim Doyle
2003–2011

(1945-11-23) November 23, 1945 (age 72)


Notes





  1. ^ Absent any other sources, it is assumed the governor left office when his successor was appointed.


  2. ^ ab When the State of Wisconsin was formed, part of Wisconsin Territory was not included in the state. This portion likely became unorganized territory; however, the Wisconsin territorial government continued to function there until the land was assigned to Minnesota Territory on March 3, 1849. Henry Dodge ceased to be territorial governor when he took his seat as a U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin on June 23, 1848. In the absence of a governor, John Catlin, as Secretary of Wisconsin Territory, acted as governor until the organization of Minnesota Territory.[12]


  3. ^ Vacancies in the office of the lieutenant governor are only listed if they lasted for the entire term. For a full list of vacancies, see List of Lieutenant Governors of Wisconsin.


  4. ^ The fractional terms of some governors are not to be understood absolutely literally; rather, they are meant to show single terms during which multiple governors served, due to resignations, deaths and the like.


  5. ^ abcdef Died in office.


  6. ^ abc Initially, Barstow was declared the winner of the 1855 election, but soon resigned amid claims that he had won through fraudulent means. MacArthur, as lieutenant governor, acted as governor for five days, until the Wisconsin Supreme Court declared Barstow's opponent, Bashford, the legitimate governor. Bashford completed the term, with MacArthur continuing to serve as lieutenant governor.[16]


  7. ^ abcd As lieutenant governor, acted as governor for remainder of unexpired term.


  8. ^ During Rusk's first term, the Wisconsin Constitution was amended to say that all elections of state and county officers would henceforth take place in even-numbered years. By the provisions of the amendment, the terms of all officials who would have left office in 1884, including Rusk, were extended by one year.


  9. ^ Resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.


  10. ^ Resigned to take an appointment to the state tax commission.


  11. ^ Loomis was elected in the 1942 election, but died before taking office. Per a ruling of the Wisconsin Supreme Court Goodland, who had been re-elected lieutenant governor in the same election, served as governor for the entire term.


  12. ^ As per a 1967 amendment to the Wisconsin Constitution, Lucey's first term was the first gubernatorial term to last 4 years


  13. ^ Resigned to become Ambassador to Mexico


  14. ^ Contemporary newspaper sources indicate that Dreyfus was sworn in on January 3;[17] the Wisconsin Blue Book, however, states that he was sworn in on January 1.[6]


  15. ^ Resigned to become United States Secretary of Health and Human Services


  16. ^ As lieutenant governor, served as governor for remainder of unexpired term.


  17. ^ Governor Walker's second term began January 5, 2015.


  18. ^ Tony Evers is the governor elect scheduled to be sworn into office on January 7, 2019.




References


General

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  • "Governors Database: Wisconsin". National Governors Association. National Governors Association. 2007. Archived from the original on November 1, 2007. Retrieved December 6, 2007..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  • Barish, Lawrence S. (ed.) (2009). Wisconsin Blue Book 2009–2010. Madison: Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. ISBN 978-0-9752820-3-8. Archived from the original on 2010-05-27.CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)



Constitution




  • "Annotated Wisconsin Constitution". Wisconsin Legislature. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


Specific




  1. ^ "Database: Wisconsin state employee salaries | Politics and Elections". Wisconsin State Journal. May 13, 2016. Retrieved December 19, 2016.


  2. ^ abc Wisconsin Constitution article V, § 1


  3. ^ abc Wisconsin Constitution article V, § 4


  4. ^ Wisconsin Constitution article V, § 10


  5. ^ Wisconsin Constitution article V, § 6


  6. ^ abcdefg "Wisconsin Governors since 1848". State of Wisconsin Blue Book 2005–2006 (PDF). p. 724. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 25, 2007. Retrieved October 5, 2007.


  7. ^ Beck, J. D. (ed.) (1911). The blue book of the state of Wisconsin. Madison, Wisconsin: Democrat Printing Company. p. 512. Retrieved December 11, 2007.CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)


  8. ^ abc "Significant Events in Wisconsin History". State of Wisconsin Blue Book 2005–2006 (PDF). p. 696. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 25, 2007. Retrieved December 11, 2007.


  9. ^ "St. Clair, Arthur". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Government Printing Office. 2005. Retrieved December 11, 2007.


  10. ^ Manual for the use of the assembly, of the state of Wisconsin, for the year 1853. Madison, Wisconsin: Brown and Carpenter, Printers. 1853. p. 74. Retrieved December 11, 2007.


  11. ^ Butterfield, C.W. (1880). The history of Columbia County, Wisconsin. p. 49. Retrieved December 17, 2007.


  12. ^ The History of Racine and Kenosha Counties, Wisconsin. Racine County, Wisconsin: Western Historical Company. 1879. pp. 54–56. Retrieved January 24, 2008.


  13. ^ Wisconsin Constitution article V, § 7


  14. ^ Wisconsin Constitution article V, § 8


  15. ^ "Wisconsin Constitutional Officers; Lieutenant Governors". State of Wisconsin Blue Book 2005–2006 (PDF). p. 725. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 25, 2007. Retrieved October 9, 2007.


  16. ^ McCann, Dennis (December 10, 1998). "3 governors held office within weeks. Corruption charges helped spark power struggle, office turnover in 1856". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.


  17. ^ "Inaugural Caps Dreyfus Miracle". Ironwood Daily Globe. Ironwood, Michigan. January 4, 1979. p. 3.


  18. ^ "Dodge, Henry". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  19. ^ "Doty, James Duane". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  20. ^ "Tallmadge, Nathaniel Pitcher". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  21. ^ "Biographical Directory of Federal Judges". Federal Judicial Center. Archived from the original on May 27, 2010. Retrieved July 7, 2007.


  22. ^ "Bashford, Coles". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  23. ^ "Randall, Alexander Williams". Wisconsin Historical Society. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  24. ^ "Former U.S. Ambassadors and Presidential Representatives to Spain". Spanish Embassy of the United States. Archived from the original on May 27, 2010. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  25. ^ "Washburn, Cadwallader Colden". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  26. ^ "Rusk, Jeremiah McLain". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  27. ^ "La Follette, Robert Marion". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  28. ^ "Blaine, John James". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  29. ^ "Chiefs of Missions to Norway". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  30. ^ "Thomson, Vernon Wallace". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  31. ^ "Nelson, Gaylord". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  32. ^ "Biographical Directory of Federal Judges". Federal Judicial Center. Archived from the original on June 4, 2010. Retrieved July 7, 2007.


  33. ^ "Chiefs of Missions to Mexico". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved July 7, 2010.


  34. ^ "Historical Highlights". U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Retrieved July 7, 2010.




External links






  • Office of the Governor of Wisconsin











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