金蛛屬












 

如何讀生物分類框
金蛛屬

蟲蝕痕金蛛
蟲蝕痕金蛛


科學分類


























界：
動物界 Animalia
門：
節肢動物門 Arthropoda
綱：
蛛形綱 Arachnida
目：
蜘蛛目 Araneae
科：
圓蛛科 Araneidae
屬：
金蛛屬 Argiope
Audouin, 1827


種

  • 參見內文


金蛛屬（學名：Argiope），是圓蛛科的一個屬。牠們廣泛分佈在世界各地，而大部份溫帶或氣候溫暖的地區都有多於一個物種。




目录






  • 1 蜘蛛網


  • 2 繁殖


  • 3 毒性


  • 4 參考


  • 5 外部連結





蜘蛛網




位於蜘蛛網中心的A. aetherea。


金蛛屬蜘蛛所織出來的蜘蛛網差不多是隱形的，但隱帶卻呈可見的純白色，有時呈交叉形或三字形。牠們會對齊這個交叉形的隱帶，每條線上有一對腳，在白色的交叉上有一隻非常鮮艷的蜘蛛。隱帶可以反射紫外光，能夠吸引獵物進入蜘蛛網中，並防止被其他動物破壞。蜘蛛網通常位於地面高1米左右的地方，這亦可以避免被大型動物所破壞。


有指這個隱帶會引導金蛛屬的獵食者，不過卻有不同方法來招呼獵食者，如從網上掉落、撤退至蜘蛛網的周邊、於30秒內破壞蜘蛛網等。[1]



繁殖




雄性及雌性的金蜈蚣蜘蛛。


雄性金蛛屬比雌性細小很多。當交配時，雄蛛會在雌蛛的網上織成另一個網。雌蛛在交配後會產卵，並將卵囊放在其網上。卵囊內包含了約400-1400顆卵。卵會於秋天孵化，幼蛛會在囊內過冬，並於春天才出來。卵囊是由多層的絲所組成，足以保護其內的東西。不過很多昆蟲都會寄生在這個卵囊內。



毒性


金蛛屬對人類並沒有害。牠們是吃昆蟲的，並可以消化比牠們大兩倍的獵物。另有指A. savigny更會吃細小的纓蝠。[2]一般牠們也不會襲擊人類，但只會在保護自己才會咬對方。牠們所分泌毒素並不會引致嚴重問題，而所含有的聚胺毒素卻可能具有治療功效。[3]



參考






维基物种中的分类信息：金蛛屬





维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：金蛛屬




  1. ^ Blamires, Sean J.; Hochuli, Dieter F. & Thompson, Michael B. Does decoration building influence antipredator responses in an orb-web spider (Argiope keyserlingi) in its natural habitat? (PDF). Australian Journal of Zoology. 2007, 55: 1–7. doi:10.1071/ZO06098. 


  2. ^ Timm, Robert M. & Losilla, Mauricio. Orb-weaving Spider, Argiope savignyi (Araneidae), Predation on the Proboscis Bat Rhynchonycteris naso (Emballonuridae) (PDF). Caribbean Journal of Science. 2007, 43 (2): 282–284. 


  3. ^ Strømgaard, K.; Mellor, I. AMPA receptor ligands: Synthetic and pharmacological studies of polyamines and polyamine toxins. Med. Res. Rev. 2004: 589–620. 




外部連結


  • 金蛛屬的圖片



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