氐





Disambig gray.svg  本文介紹的是古代民族。關於星宿，請見「氐宿」。

氐（拼音：dī; 上古漢語: *tˁij[1]），是古代中国西北部少数民族之一，主要活动于今陕西、甘肅、四川三省的交界地区。




目录






  • 1 起源


  • 2 歷史


  • 3 相關連結


  • 4 參考資料


  • 5 研究書目


  • 6 外部連結





起源


氐族的起源歷來說法不一。一說氐族與羌族同源。不過幾年前曾有說法，指屬於藏族（古代的吐蕃人）一支的白馬藏人，此民系認為自己的方言和標準的藏語實在差異甚大，連習俗跟典型的藏族有很大的不同，應該不屬於藏族而是古代氐族的直系後裔，希望能成為一支獨立民族。



歷史


春秋战国時始以氐為族名，居於中國西北部。漢朝至三国期間，氐族曾兩度大遷徙，至關中一帶居住。其時還有如羌族的少數民族遷入關中。惠帝時代，氐人曾與晋相战两年餘，到十六国時晉室南下，氐人便在北方建立前秦、后凉、仇池等政权。


隨著長居於中國日久，在唐朝時代，一部分氐族人与吐蕃人相融合，而其餘氐族則與漢族或其他民族相融合。目前民族學家認為現在白馬人的血緣和生活習慣算是氐族的後裔。



相關連結



  • 白馬人

  • 单倍群D-M174



參考資料





  1. ^ Baxter-Sagart Old Chinese reconstruction




研究書目


  • 馬長壽：《氐與羌》（上海：上海人民出版社，1984）。


外部連結



  • Wei Lue (a 3rd century CE Chinese text) - Section 1 (at University of Washington, United States)



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