海兔螺科




































海兔螺科

Cyphoma gibbosum (living) 2.jpg
Living Cyphoma gibbosum（英语：Cyphoma gibbosum） with 外套膜 extended, anterior end of animal towards the top of the image

科学分类 编辑
界：
动物界 Animalia
门：
軟體動物門 Mollusca
纲：
腹足纲 Gastropoda
目：
玉黍螺類 Littorinimorpha
总科：
寶螺總科 Cypraeoidea
科：
海兔螺科 Ovulidae
John Fleming (naturalist)（英语：John Fleming (naturalist)）, 1822
屬

見內文




海兔螺科（學名：Ovulidae），又名梭螺科，是寶螺總科之下一個海洋腹足纲軟體動物的科，其物種為小型到大型的海螺，有捕食性或寄生性。




目录






  • 1 分佈


  • 2 棲息地


  • 3 分類


    • 3.1 2005年分類


    • 3.2 2007年分類


    • 3.3 2017年分類




  • 4 參考文獻


  • 5 延伸閱讀


  • 6 外部連結





分佈


本科物種分佈很廣：主要見於熱帶及亞熱帶海域，特別集中於印度洋-西太平洋海域；但也有個別物種棲息於溫帶的海洋。



棲息地





突尾海兔螺（Dentiovula dorsuosa）會偽裝成軟珊瑚。


梭螺科物種都是肉食軟體動物，以水螅物種及珊瑚纲的組織為食。



分類



2005年分類


根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，海兔螺科包括下列五個亚科[1]：




  • 卵梭螺亞科 Ovulinae J. Fleming（英语：John Fleming (naturalist)）, 1822


    • 卵梭螺族 Ovulini J. Fleming（英语：John Fleming (naturalist)）, 1822 - synonyms: Amphiperatidae Gray, 1853; Simniini Franz Alfred Schilder（英语：Franz Alfred Schilder）, 1927; Volvini Franz Alfred Schilder（英语：Franz Alfred Schilder）, 1932

    • tribe Eocypraeini Franz Alfred Schilder（英语：Franz Alfred Schilder）, 1924 - synonym: Sulcocypraeini Franz Alfred Schilder（英语：Franz Alfred Schilder）, 1932



  • † Cypraediinae Franz Alfred Schilder（英语：Franz Alfred Schilder）, 1927


  • Jenneriinae Thiele, 1929 - synonym: Cyproglobinini Franz Alfred Schilder（英语：Franz Alfred Schilder）, 1932


  • Pediculariinae Gray, 1853

    • Tribe Cypraediini Schilder, 1927

    • Tribe Pediculariini Gray, 1853




  • Pseudocypraeinae Steadman & Cotton, 1943



2007年分類


Fehse (2007)[2]基於將齒舌、螺殼及動物形態學等形態學方面的研究，再加上對這些物種的16S 核糖体RNA基因的分子支序分類學（英语：molecular phylogeny）的研究結果，將原來的始寶螺族（Tribe Eocypraeini）及Pediculariinae亞科提升至科級獨立出去成為Pediculariidae（英语：Pediculariidae）科及始寶螺科[2]。此外，他還新增了锯梭螺亚科（英语：Prionovolvinae）和Aclyvolvinae這兩個亞科[2]。這時，海兔螺科包括下列四個亞科：



  • subfamily Aclyvolvinae Fehse, 2007

  • subfamily 梭螺亞科 Ovulinae Fleming（英语：John Fleming (naturalist)）, 1828

  • subfamily 锯梭螺亚科（英语：Prionovolvinae） Prionovolvinae Fehse, 2007

  • subfamily Simniinae Schilder（英语：Franz Alfred Schilder）, 1925



2017年分類


参见：寶螺總科 § 2017年分類

始寶螺科合併入本科[3][4]：



  • 原來的始寶螺亞科併入锯梭螺亚科的物種；


  • 黎明宝贝亚科現在直屬於本科。


截至2018年5月30日 (2018-05-30)[update]，WoRMS根據2017年《布歇特等人的腹足類分類》的修訂，梭螺科之下有六個亞科，分別如下[3][5]：



  • Subfamily Aclyvolvinae Fehse, 2007


  • 始寶螺亞科 Eocypraeinae Schilder, 1924：即原來始寶螺科（Eocypraeidae Schilder, 1924）


  • 卵梭螺亞科 Ovulinae J. Fleming, 1828[6]


  • Pediculariinae Gray, 1853：即原來Pediculariidae Gray, 1853

    • Tribe Cypraediini Schilder, 1927

    • Tribe Pediculariini Gray, 1853



  • Subfamily Simniinae F. A. Schilder, 1925


  • 黎明宝贝亚科 Sulcocypraeinae Schilder, 1932[7][8]

  • 亞科地位未定

    • Genus Cypraeogemmula Vredenburg, 1920 †

    • Genus Habruprionovolva Azuma, 1970

    • Genus Projenneria Dolin, 1997 †




異名


  • Subfamily Jenneriinae Thiele, 1929 現時作 Cypraediini Schilder, 1927

  • Subfamily Prionovolvinae Fehse, 2007 被併入 Eocypraeinae Schilder, 1924

  • Genus Turbovula C. N. Cate, 1973 今作 Phenacovolva Iredale, 1930



參考文獻





  1. ^ Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á.; Warén, A. Bouchet P.; Rocroi J.-P., 编. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology (Hackenheim, Germany / Ann Arbor, USA: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1-2): 397 pp. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997. 


  2. ^ 2.02.12.2 Fehse, D. XVI. The higher systematics. Contributions to the knowledge of the Ovulidae (PDF). Spixiana 30. 2007: 121–125 [2018-08-06]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-03-02） （英语）. 


  3. ^ 3.03.1 Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.P.; Hausdorf, B.; Kaim    , A.; Kano    , Y.; Nützel  , A.; Parkhaev, P.; Schrödl, M.; Strong  , E.E. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 2017, 61 (1-2): 1–526. doi:10.4002/040.061.0201 （英语）. 


  4. ^ Fehse, D. Zur systematischen stellung der Eocypraeidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda): Cypraeoidea) [始寶螺科的系統位置（軟體動物：腹足綱：寶螺總科）]. Palaeontographica. 2013, A299: 127–148 （德语）. 


  5. ^ 馬綉同 (编). 梭螺科 Ovulidae. 中国动物志. 无脊椎动物 第七卷 软体动物门 腹足纲 中腹足目 宝贝总科. 1997: 296 pp. [2018-08-06]. ISBN 7030055764 （中文（简体）‎）. 



  6. ^ WoRMS. Ovulinae J. Fleming, 1828. World Register of Marine Species. [2018-07-22]. 


  7. ^ WoRMS. Sulcocypraeinae Schilder, 1932. World Register of Marine Species. [2018-08-06]. 


  8. ^ WoRMS. Eocypraeidae. 世界海洋物种目录（庫存版本）. [2018-08-06]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-07）. 


引用错误：在<references>标签中name属性为“fossilworks”的参考文献没有在文中使用


延伸閱讀




  • Lorenz, F.; D.Fehse. The Living Ovulidae: A Manual of the Families of Allied Cowries Ovulidae, Pediculariidae and Eocypraeidae. Hackenheim: ConchBooks. 2009. 

  • Dolin, L. & Ledon, D. (2002). "Nouveaux taxons et discussion de la systématique des genres correspondants d’Ovulidae (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda) de l’Éocène inférieur de Gan (France)". Geodiversitas 24(2): 329–347. PDF.



外部連結






维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：海兔螺科



  • 維基物種中有關海兔螺科的數據


  • Ovulidae. Integrated Taxonomic Information System （英语）. 

  • Ovulidae.com

  • Gallery of photos

  • Ovulidae website (in Japanese but with enough English text)





物種識別信息


  • 維基數據: Q617225

  • 維基物種: Ovulidae

  • ADW: Ovulidae

  • EoL: 2505

  • Fossilworks: 61540

  • GBIF: 2666

  • iNaturalist: 49260

  • IRMNG: 115296

  • ITIS: 72772

  • NBN: NHMSYS0021055447

  • NCBI: 217754

  • NZOR: d03c9a57-dee5-424c-8ec1-53f7ce9cbe92

  • uBio: 502110

  • WoRMS: 1747



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