盆菜






香港式盆菜





香港太平清醮供應的素盆菜


盆菜是東莞市長安鎮以及香港新界的圍村裡的新界原居民的傳統食物，已有數百年的歷史，是一種雜燴菜式。傳統的盆菜用木盆或銻盆盛載。每逢喜慶節日，例如新居入伙、祠堂開光或新年點燈，新界的鄉村均會舉行盆菜宴。




目录






  • 1 歷史


  • 2 材料


  • 3 文化


  • 4 相關


  • 5 外部連結


  • 6 参考文献





歷史


盆菜歷史的源頭有好幾個版本，傳與南宋君臣逃難至香港及華南一帶相關。一說是文天祥被元兵追殺，橫渡伶仃洋，逃亡至現時深圳一帶，由於天色已晚，而眾將士又飢腸轆轆，當地村民同情他是忠臣，用僅存的豬肉、蘿蔔，加上現捕的魚、蝦造飯，但卻沒有足夠碗碟，只好拿木面盆盛菜，將士圍盆而食，這就是盆菜的起源。另一說則是，南宋末年，元朝軍隊南下，宋帝昺聯同陸秀夫、張世傑等人南逃避難。當他們路經東莞縣烏紗以及香港新界錦田一帶的圍村時，得到村民盛情款待。但在倉猝之間，村民找不到足夠的器皿盛載食物，只使用木盆菜餚放在一起，發展成盆菜。從此之後，每逢大時大節，村民都會享用盆菜。而現時新界原居民祭祖時的「食山頭」亦以盆菜為主。






  • 屏山鄧氏祭祖在山頭煮盆菜







  • 西貢北約同樂日盆菜宴





2018年，有專欄報道指出近十數年香港有售的盆菜由最家常的幾百塊到極盡奢侈的近萬元均有捧場客，當中差別其實不大，都是大魚大肉大堆頭，面層滿鋪的材料通常都是所謂主題項目鮑參翅肚，而較大眾化的主要是燒肉切雞大蝦扣肉一類最典型的祭祖食材。至於底層部分雖然無甚驚喜，卻是相對人見人愛的豬皮、蘿蔔，芋頭、枝竹和黃芽白之類。亦指出美味盆菜的所謂優勝劣敗，其實最在乎當中的汁醬風味是否渾然天成融為一體[1]。



材料




炆豬肉是盆菜的精粹


盆菜的用料並沒有特別規定，但一般都會包括芋头、大白菜、冬粉、包菜花、西兰花、蘿蔔、枝竹、魷魚、豬皮、冬菇、雞、鯪魚球和炆豬肉，現時不少盆菜更可能包括花膠、大蝦、髮菜、蠔豉、鱔乾等。


盆菜的食物會按一定的次序一層疊一層地由上至下排好。上層會放些較名貴和需要先吃的東西，例如雞及大蝦；最下層則放些容易吸收湯汁的材料，例如豬皮和蘿蔔。吃盆菜的時候，會由上至下逐層逐層吃下去。


雖然傳統上盆菜以木盆盛載，但現時大部份經已改用金屬盆或者陶瓷盆，方便食用之前加熱消毒。



文化


  • 2014年香港郵政和馬來西亞郵政聯合發行一套以兩地地道食品為主題的郵票，其中一枚郵票以香港的「盆菜」為代表。[2]




相關



  • 食品衛生

  • 集體中毒



外部連結



  • 盆菜來源于東莞烏紗

  • 盆菜起源

  • 香港盆菜淵源、文化和演變



参考文献





  1. ^ 誰說盆菜湯底一定濃俗？教煮清鮮潮式蝦米鹹酸菜湯


  2. ^ 發行特別郵票——「中國香港─馬來西亞聯合發行︰地道食品」. 政府新聞稿. 2014-9-24.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)









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