因緣

Multi tool use
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佛教主題
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因緣,佛教術語,漢語“因緣”可指兩個概念:一者因緣經(nidāna),二者因(hetu)和緣(pratītya)的合稱。
因緣經
因緣或因緣經(梵語:nidāna),音譯為尼陀那,義譯為因緣、緣起、本緣等,為十二分教之一。記錄佛陀說法的三種因緣,即:有人請問,則回應說法;僧團中有人犯事,則制定相應戒律;遇到特別的事情,則相應說法。[1]。
因與緣
在佛教因果論或曰緣起理論中,是「因」(梵語:hetu)和「緣」(梵語:pratītya)的並稱。
一切事情的生成,皆依賴各種條件。其直接主要的根本條件稱作「因」,間接配合成就的次要條件稱作「緣」。[2]「緣」字單就字面解釋有攀爬之意,連結集合根本因及各種緣由互相配合才能成就現象界一切法,即為因緣。有因有緣而法成。
因緣果報四字往往合併使用,因是起源,緣是所依附或曰過程,果報則是結果。因緣的說法常見於佛教典籍及中國歷代的文學作品中,如佛說十二因緣。
參考文獻
^ 《佛學大辭典》【尼陀那】(術語)Nidāna,譯曰因緣,緣起。十二分經之一。說佛之說法緣起由序者。諸經多有通別二序,所謂別序者,尼陀那也。智度論三十二曰:「尼陀那者,說諸佛法本起因緣,佛何因緣說此事。有人問:故說是事。毘尼中有人犯是事,故結是戒。一切佛語緣起事,皆名尼陀那。」慧苑音義上曰:「尼陀那,此云因緣。然有三類:一說請而語,二因犯制戒,三因事說法也。」開宗記一本曰:「尼陀那,此云緣起,或云因緣。」
^ 《雜阿含經》卷2:【佛告婆羅門:「有因有緣集世間,有因有緣世間集;有因有緣滅世間,有因有緣世間滅。」】
参见
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