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Eurovision Song Contest 1975
Dates
Final	22 March 1975
Host
Venue	Stockholmsmässan Stockholm, Sweden
Presenter(s)	Karin Falck
Conductor	Mats Olsson
Executive supervisor	Clifford Brown
Host broadcaster	Sveriges Radio (SR)
Interval act	The World of John Bauer
Participants
Number of entries	19
Debuting countries	Turkey
Returning countries	France  Malta
Withdrawing countries	Greece
Participation map      Participating countries     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1975
Vote
Voting system	Each country awarded 12, 10, 8-1 points to their 10 favourite songs
Nul points	None
Winning song	Netherlands "Ding-a-dong"
← 1974 Eurovision Song Contest 1976 →

The Eurovision Song Contest 1975 was the 20th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Stockholm, Sweden, following ABBA's win at the 1974 contest in Brighton, United Kingdom with the song "Waterloo". It was the first time the contest took place in Sweden. The contest was held at Stockholmsmässan on Saturday 22 March 1975. The show was hosted by Karin Falck.

Nineteen countries participated in the contest, beating the previous record of eighteen, that was first set in the 1965 edition. France and Malta returned after their one-year and two-year absence, respectively. Turkey made its début, and in response Greece decided to withdraw.^[1]

The winner was the Netherlands with the song "Ding-a-dong", performed by Teach-In, written by Will Luikinga and Eddy Ouwens, and composed by Dick Bakker. This was the Netherlands' fourth victory in the contest, following their wins in 1957, 1959, and 1969 (the latter being in the infamous four-way-tie).^[1]

Location

Stockholmsmässan, Stockholm – host venue of the 1975 contest.

The contest took place in Stockholm, the capital and largest city of Sweden, which has long been one of the country's cultural, media, political, and economic centres as well as the most populated urban area in Scandinavia.^[2][3]

The venue for the contest was Stockholmsmässan (or Stockholm International Fairs in English). The main building is in Älvsjö – a southern suburb of Stockholm Municipality for which the building got its nickname. It was constructed in 1971 and holds 4,000 people.

Format

This year a new scoring system was implemented. Each country would be represented by a jury of 11 members, at least half of whom had to be under the age of 26. Each jury member had to award every song a mark of between 1 and 5 points, but could not vote for their own nation's entry. The votes were cast immediately after the song was performed and collected by the adjudicator straight away. After the last song was performed, the jury secretary added up all the votes cast and awarded 12 points to the song with the highest score, 10 to the second highest score, then 8 to the third, 7 to the fourth, 6 to the fifth and so forth down to 1 point for the song ranked 10th. The jury spokesperson then announced the ten scores in the order the songs were presented when called upon by the hostess. The hostess Karin Falck several times confused the new system with questions like "How much is seven in France?"

Unlike today, the points were not given in order (from 1 up to 12), but in the order the songs were performed. The current procedure of announcing the scores in ascending order, beginning with 1 point, was not established until 1980. This scoring system remained in use until 1996, although the number of jurors varied (it was 11 from 1975 to 1987, and 16 from 1988 to 1997) and the scores they awarded each song increased to 10 rather than 5. In from 1997, some juries were replaced by televotes and from 1998, all countries were encouraged to televote when possible.

In the 2009 final and the 2010 semi-finals, the juries were reintroduced to provide 50% of the scores. Despite these changes in how the points were decided, the 'douze points' scoring system remained in place from 1975–2015. In 2016 it was altered to each country providing two separate sets of points, however, modelled after the former model.^[4]

Participating countries

Teach-In leaving from Amsterdam Airport for the Eurovision Song Contest 1975

Greece withdrew from this contest in response to the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus, in protest of Turkey's participation. Despite this, a record of nineteen countries took part. Turkey made their début, while France and Malta returned to the contest.^[1]

The Portuguese entry "Madrugada" was an unabashed celebration of the Carnation Revolution, during which the country's 1974 Eurovision entry had played a pivotal practical role. According to author and historian John Kennedy O'Connor in his book The Eurovision Song Contest – The Official History, the Portuguese performer had to be dissuaded from wearing his Portuguese army uniform and carrying a gun onto the stage.^[5] Some competitors (notably Portugal and Yugoslavia) opted to perform their songs in English for the rehearsals heard by the judges, but in their native tongue at the final. Others, such as Belgium and Germany, opted for a mix of their own language and English.

Conductors

Each performance had a conductor who maestro the orchestra.^[6]

Returning artists

Norway's Ellen Nikolaysen was one of the only two participants to return to the contest this year. Ellen's previous participation was with the band Bendik Singers in 1973. The second was John Farrar, one of The Shadows member who appeared as a backing guitarist and vocalist for Cliff Richard in 1973.^[1]

Results

Draw	Country	Artist	Song	Language[7]	Place	Points
01	Netherlands	Teach-In	"Ding-a-dong"	English	1	152
02	Ireland	The Swarbriggs	"That's What Friends Are For"	English	9	68
03	France	Nicole Rieu	"Et bonjour à toi l'artiste"	French	4	91
04	Germany	Joy Fleming	"Ein Lied kann eine Brücke sein"	German, English	17	15
05	Luxembourg	Geraldine	"Toi"	French	5	84
06	Norway	Ellen Nikolaysen	"Touch My Life (With Summer)"	English	18	11
07	Switzerland	Simone Drexel	"Mikado"	German	6	77
08	Yugoslavia	Pepel in kri	"Dan ljubezni"	Slovene	13	22
09	United Kingdom	The Shadows	"Let Me Be The One"	English	2	138
10	Malta	Renato	"Singing This Song"	English	12	32
11	Belgium	Ann Christy	"Gelukkig zijn"	Dutch, English	15	17
12	Israel	Shlomo Artzi	"At Va'Ani" (את ואני)	Hebrew	11	40
13	Turkey	Semiha Yankı	"Seninle Bir Dakika"	Turkish	19	3
14	Monaco	Sophie	"Une chanson c'est une lettre"	French	13	22
15	Finland	Pihasoittajat	"Old Man Fiddle"	English	7	74
16	Portugal	Duarte Mendes	"Madrugada"	Portuguese	16	16
17	Spain	Sergio & Estíbaliz	"Tú volverás"	Spanish	10	53
18	Sweden	Lasse Berghagen	"Jennie, Jennie"	English	8	72
19	Italy	Wess & Dori Ghezzi	"Era"	Italian	3	115

Scoreboard

		Results
	Netherlands	152		8	5	8	10	12	6	8	12	12	3	12	4	10	10	7	12	12	1
	Ireland	68	6		6			4	7	1	6	4	12				1	4	3	10	4
	France	91	8	12					3		8	7	2	7	1	7		12	8	8	8
	Germany	15					8					3							4
	Luxembourg	84	12	10	3					7	3	5		6	5		5	8	6	4	10
	Norway	11	2													2					7
	Switzerland	77	7	2	10	6	2	1			5	6	8		7	5	4	2			12
	Yugoslavia	22	3	4		2							5					1		7
	United Kingdom	138	4	3	12	10	12	7	8	12		8	10	10		12	7	5	10	5	3
	Malta	32	1		8		5	2	4	2			7	1	2
	Belgium	17	5			7				3										2
	Israel	40	10	1	1	1	1	5	2		1		1		6		3			6	2
	Turkey	3														3
	Monaco	22				3	4				2	1		2			2	3			5
	Finland	74		5		12	6	10	12	5	4			8		8			1	3
	Portugal	16			2										12				2
	Spain	53		7		5		3	5	4			4	4	3	4	8				6
	Sweden	72			7		7	8	1	6	7	2		3	8	6	6	6	5
	Italy	115		6	4	4	3	6	10	10	10	10	6	5	10	1	12	10	7	1

12 points

Below is a summary of all 12 points in the final:

International broadcasts and voting

The table below shows the order in which votes were cast during the 1975 contest along with the spokesperson who was responsible for announcing the votes for their respective country. Each national broadcaster [with the exception of Israel] also sent a commentator to the contest, in order to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language. Details of the commentators and the broadcasting station for which they represented are also included in the table below.^[1]

Voting order	Country	Spokesperson	Commentator	Broadcaster
01	Netherlands	Dick van Bommel	Willem Duys	Nederland 2[8]
02	Ireland	Brendan Balfe	Mike Murphy	RTÉ Television
			Liam Devally	RTÉ Radio 1
03	France	Marc Menant	Georges de Caunes	TF1[9]
04	Germany	Ekkehard Böhmer	Werner Veigel	ARD Deutsches Fernsehen[10]
			Wolf Mittler	Deutschlandfunk
05	Luxembourg	TBC	Jacques Navadic	RTL Télé Luxembourg[9]
			Camillo Felgen	RTL Radio
06	Norway	Sverre Christophersen[11]	John Andreassen	NRK[11]
			Erik Heyerdahl	NRK P1
07	Switzerland	Michel Stocker[12]	Theodor Haller	TV DRS
			Georges Hardy	TSR
			Giovanni Bertini	TSI
08	Yugoslavia	Dragana Marković	Milovan Ilić	TVB1
			Oliver Mlakar	TVZ 1
			Tomaž Terček	TVL1
09	United Kingdom	Ray Moore	Pete Murray	BBC1[13]
			Terry Wogan	BBC Radio 2
			Richard Astbury	British Forces Radio[14][15]
10	Malta	TBC	Norman Hamilton	MTV
11	Belgium	Ward Bogaert	Willem Duys	BRT
			Paule Herreman	RTB
			Nand Baert & Jan Theys	BRT Radio 1
			Jacques Bauduin	RTB La Première
12	Israel	Yitzhak Shim'oni[16]	No commentator	Israeli Television
13	Turkey	Bülent Osma	Bülend Özveren	TRT
			Şebnem Savaşçı	TRT Radyo 1
14	Monaco	Carole Chabrier	Georges de Caunes	Télé Monte Carlo
15	Finland	Kaarina Pönniö[17]	Heikki Seppälä	YLE TV1[17]
			Erkki Melakoski	YLE Rinnakkaisohjelma
16	Portugal	Ana Zanatti	Júlio Isidro	RTP1[18]
			Amadeu Meireles	RDP Antena 1
17	Spain	José María Íñigo	José Luis Uribarri	TVE1[19]
18	Sweden	Sven Lindahl[20]	Åke Strömmer	SR TV1[20]
			Ursula Richter	SR P3[20]
19	Italy	Anna Maria Gambineri	Silvio Noto	Programma Nazionale

Non-participating countries

Notable incidents

Intelligence reports at the time pointed out the festival as a possible target for a terrorist attack by the Red Army Faction which forced the organizers to tighten security considerably. The attack struck the West German embassy in Stockholm instead about a month later (see West German embassy siege).

The Swedish left movement protested against the contest and its commercial aspect. At first the criticism was directed towards SR for the huge amount of money they spent on the contest but soon the protests developed into a movement against commercial music overall. When the Eurovision Song Contest took place an alternative festival was organized in another part of Stockholm where anybody who wanted could perform a song. Most popular became Sillstryparn's entry "Doing the omoralisk schlagerfestival" (Doing the immoral Eurovision festival). In the autumn of 1975 SR informed that Sweden would not participate in the 1976 edition of the Eurovision Song Contest due to the high costs that came with hosting the show. The rules later changed so that the costs were split more equally between the participating broadcasters. In the end, SR did not broadcast the 1976 Contest.

Swedish TV technicians refused to broadcast the festival to Chile, where Canal 13 (an associate member of the EBU) had plans to air it. The refusal was in protest to the military dictatorship that has been ruling the country since the 1973 Chilean coup d'etat led by Augusto Pinochet.^[22]

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eurovision Song Contest 1975.

• Official website