汞中毒

Multi tool use

维基百科中的醫療相关内容仅供参考,詳見
醫學聲明。如需专业意见请咨询专业人士。
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汞中毒 |

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汞
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分类和外部资源 |
醫學專科 |
急救措施
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ICD-10
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T56.1
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ICD-9-CM
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985.0
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DiseasesDB |
8057
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MedlinePlus |
002476
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eMedicine |
emerg/813
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[编辑此条目的维基数据]
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水銀中毒或稱汞中毒(Mercury poisoning),是接觸汞所導致的一種中毒現象,而大部分致毒的汞化合物都是有機化合物。
在常温常壓下,汞傾向和氧結合成氧化汞。若汞遭不當擾拌或棄置時,將形成微小的汞珠,大幅增加其表面積的暴露程度,而造成危險。
在高沸點的室温環境下,飽和的汞蒸氣濃度是正常汞中毒水平的好幾倍。隨著温度上升,危險程度更增加。
藉由礦物質存積和大氣的累積,分水嶺地形最有可能含有高含量的汞。當地表潮濕時,植物吸收該汞,而待乾燥時釋出。不同植物和煤礦層含有不同等級的汞含量,而蕈類也能從土壤中吸收汞。
人類活動,如農業肥料和工業的廢水處理,是從土壤直接地釋放水銀离子。當表面水域的酸鹼值是在5到7之間,水銀的集中度較高。這是因為水銀在那樣情況下的活動力較高。
微生物能將浮在水面的汞轉換成甲基汞,而該物質易被大部分水生生物吸收。甲基汞以其造神經受損出名,而魚類是主要從水中吸收甲基汞的生物。甲基汞儲積在魚中,進而入侵到整個食物鏈內。進食這些魚的動物,歷經長期吸收汞所導致的中毒現象,包括了生殖能力退化,消化系統損壞,胃崩解,DNA異變,和腎敗壞。
參見
外部連結
开放式目录计划中和Hazardous Substances: Mercury相关的内容
开放式目录计划中和Toxic Substances: Mercury相关的内容
- 安心吃魚/選小魚多樣化/聯合新聞網
毒物、毒性,及藥物過量(T36–T65、960–989,毒药的历史)
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無機 |
金属 |
金屬毒性 |
- 铍中毒
- 鎘中毒
- 鉛中毒
- 汞中毒
- 镍
- 銀中毒
- 铊中毒
- 錫中毒
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膳食礦物質 |
- 鉻中毒
- 鈷中毒
- 銅中毒
- 铁中毒
- 錳中毒
- 硒
- 鋅中毒
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类金属 |
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非金属元素 / 卤素化合物
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有機 |
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藥物治療 |
藥物過量 |
神经系统 |
- 抗乙醯膽鹼酵素劑過量
- 阿斯匹靈中毒
- 巴比妥過量
- 苯二酚過量
- 鴉片類藥物過量
- 对乙酰氨基酚中毒
- 三環類抗抑鬱藥過量
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心血管系統 |
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维生素过多症 |
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生物 (包括毒液, 毒素, 食物中毒) |
魚 / 海鮮
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- 西加鱼毒
- 哈夫病
- 幻觉性鱼中毒
- 鯖魚中毒
貝類中毒
- 记忆缺失性贝毒
- 腹瀉性貝毒
- 神經毒性貝毒
- 麻痺性貝毒
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其它脊椎动物
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兩棲動物毒液
- 箭毒蛙碱
- 正蛙皮素
- 蟾毒色胺
- Physalaemin
鸟 / 鵪鶉
蛇毒
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节肢动物 |
- 节肢动物螫傷
蜂螫 / 蜂毒
蠍毒
蜘蛛
黑寡妇毒蛛毒素l / Latrodectism
- 棕花蛛中毒
- 壁虱性麻痹
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有毒植物及 蕈類
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- 金鸡纳反应
- 麥角中毒
- 山黧豆中毒
- 瘋草
- 蕈類中毒
- 番木鱉鹼中毒
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