三段体
Multi tool use
三段體、又名三部曲式或ABA曲式，是音樂作品中最常见的乐曲形式，是由兩個同等重要的结构（樂理上稱為「A段」和「B段」），組成了一個具有三個「段落」的曲體，其中第一及第三段可以是完全相同或近乎所有相同的內容，第二段則和第一段形成出强烈對比，形成了“A-B-A(或 A')”的構造。
不論是A段或B段，其內結構相對地比較自由，由短短的數個小節或一兩個樂句，到更複雜的結構都沒有問題。在調性方面，傳統上B段都會採用和A段不同但有關連的調性，例如屬調(Dominant Key)、下屬調(Subdominant Key)或關係調(Relative Key)。假設A段為C大調，那B段則可以是F大調、G大調或a小調。
三段体可以再細分为单三段体(simple ternary)和複三段体(compound ternary)。单三段体中的每一个部分都是一个单独的乐段。而複三段体中，A段和B段可以再分拆為一個獨立的三段體（有時亦容許為二段體，但例子不多）。
不少曲種都是以三段體形式所寫成，包括有小步舞曲、諧謔曲、進行曲、甚至可以推前至巴洛克時期的返始詠嘆調(Da Capo aria)。另一方面，迴旋曲也是建基於三段體的結構上，只不過中間部份卻被不斷擴張，加入了更多的對比段落，最後形式了「A-Ｂ(B-A-C-A-D……)-A」的模式。
外部链接
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