74th United States Congress



































74th United States Congress


73rd ←

→ 75th


USCapitol1956.jpg

United States Capitol (1956)

January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937
Senate President
John N. Garner (D)
Senate President pro tem
Key Pittman (D)
House Speaker
Jo Byrns (D), until June 4, 1936
William B. Bankhead (D), from June 4, 1936
Members 96 senators
435 members of the House
5 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority Democratic
House Majority Democratic
Sessions

1st: January 3, 1935 – August 26, 1935
2nd: January 3, 1936 – June 20, 1936

The Seventy-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1935, to January 3, 1937, during the third and fourth years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fifteenth Census of the United States in 1930. Both chambers had a Democratic supermajority.


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Contents






  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation


  • 3 Party summary


    • 3.1 Senate


    • 3.2 House




  • 4 Leaders


    • 4.1 Senate


      • 4.1.1 Majority (Democratic) leadership


      • 4.1.2 Minority (Republican) leadership




    • 4.2 House of Representatives


      • 4.2.1 Majority (Democratic) leadership


      • 4.2.2 Minority (Republican) leadership






  • 5 Members


    • 5.1 Senate


      • 5.1.1 Alabama


      • 5.1.2 Arizona


      • 5.1.3 Arkansas


      • 5.1.4 California


      • 5.1.5 Colorado


      • 5.1.6 Connecticut


      • 5.1.7 Delaware


      • 5.1.8 Florida


      • 5.1.9 Georgia


      • 5.1.10 Idaho


      • 5.1.11 Illinois


      • 5.1.12 Indiana


      • 5.1.13 Iowa


      • 5.1.14 Kansas


      • 5.1.15 Kentucky


      • 5.1.16 Louisiana


      • 5.1.17 Maine


      • 5.1.18 Maryland


      • 5.1.19 Massachusetts


      • 5.1.20 Michigan


      • 5.1.21 Minnesota


      • 5.1.22 Mississippi


      • 5.1.23 Missouri


      • 5.1.24 Montana


      • 5.1.25 Nebraska


      • 5.1.26 Nevada


      • 5.1.27 New Hampshire


      • 5.1.28 New Jersey


      • 5.1.29 New Mexico


      • 5.1.30 New York


      • 5.1.31 North Carolina


      • 5.1.32 North Dakota


      • 5.1.33 Ohio


      • 5.1.34 Oklahoma


      • 5.1.35 Oregon


      • 5.1.36 Pennsylvania


      • 5.1.37 Rhode Island


      • 5.1.38 South Carolina


      • 5.1.39 South Dakota


      • 5.1.40 Tennessee


      • 5.1.41 Texas


      • 5.1.42 Utah


      • 5.1.43 Vermont


      • 5.1.44 Virginia


      • 5.1.45 Washington


      • 5.1.46 West Virginia


      • 5.1.47 Wisconsin


      • 5.1.48 Wyoming




    • 5.2 House of Representatives


      • 5.2.1 Alabama


      • 5.2.2 Arizona


      • 5.2.3 Arkansas


      • 5.2.4 California


      • 5.2.5 Colorado


      • 5.2.6 Connecticut


      • 5.2.7 Delaware


      • 5.2.8 Florida


      • 5.2.9 Georgia


      • 5.2.10 Idaho


      • 5.2.11 Illinois


      • 5.2.12 Indiana


      • 5.2.13 Iowa


      • 5.2.14 Kansas


      • 5.2.15 Kentucky


      • 5.2.16 Louisiana


      • 5.2.17 Maine


      • 5.2.18 Maryland


      • 5.2.19 Massachusetts


      • 5.2.20 Michigan


      • 5.2.21 Minnesota


      • 5.2.22 Mississippi


      • 5.2.23 Missouri


      • 5.2.24 Montana


      • 5.2.25 Nebraska


      • 5.2.26 Nevada


      • 5.2.27 New Hampshire


      • 5.2.28 New Jersey


      • 5.2.29 New Mexico


      • 5.2.30 New York


      • 5.2.31 North Carolina


      • 5.2.32 North Dakota


      • 5.2.33 Ohio


      • 5.2.34 Oklahoma


      • 5.2.35 Oregon


      • 5.2.36 Pennsylvania


      • 5.2.37 Rhode Island


      • 5.2.38 South Carolina


      • 5.2.39 South Dakota


      • 5.2.40 Tennessee


      • 5.2.41 Texas


      • 5.2.42 Utah


      • 5.2.43 Vermont


      • 5.2.44 Virginia


      • 5.2.45 Washington


      • 5.2.46 West Virginia


      • 5.2.47 Wisconsin


      • 5.2.48 Wyoming


      • 5.2.49 Non-voting members






  • 6 Changes of Membership


    • 6.1 Senate


    • 6.2 House of Representatives




  • 7 Committees


    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives


    • 7.3 Joint committees




  • 8 Caucuses


  • 9 Employees


    • 9.1 Senate


    • 9.2 House




  • 10 See also


  • 11 References





Major events




  • April 14, 1935: Dust Bowl: The great dust storm hit eastern New Mexico, Colorado, and western Oklahoma

  • May 6, 1935: Executive Order 7034 created the Works Progress Administration (WPA).

  • May 27, 1935: Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States: the U.S. Supreme Court declared the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional

  • June 12, 1935 – June 13, 1935: Senator Huey Long gave the second longest filibuster speech in Senate history up to that time, 15 hours and 30 minutes to retain a provision, opposed by President Franklin Roosevelt, requiring Senate confirmation for the National Recovery Administration's senior employees.[1]

  • July 1, 1935: Charles Watkins was appointed as the first officially recognized Parliamentarian.[2]

  • September 10, 1935: Senator Huey Long of Louisiana died, as the result of being shot by an assassin on September 8.

  • March 1, 1936: Construction of Hoover Dam was completed.

  • June 4, 1936: Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives Jo Byrns died. William B. Bankhead was then elected later that day.

  • November 3, 1936: General elections


    • President: Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) was reelected with 60.8% of the vote over Alf Landon (R).


    • Senate: Democrats gained 5 net seats during the election, and in combination with Democratic and Farmer-Labor interim appointments and the defection of George W. Norris from the Republican Party to become independent, the Republicans were reduced to 16 seats, the most lopsided Senate since Reconstruction.


    • House: Democrats gained twelve more net seats from the Republicans, bringing them above a three-fourths majority. This was the largest majority since Reconstruction. The last time a party won so decisively was in 1866.



  • November 25, 1936: Abraham Lincoln Brigade sailed from New York City on its way to the Spanish Civil War




President Roosevelt signs the Social Security Act, at approximately 3:30pm ET on August 14, 1935.[3] Standing with Roosevelt are Rep. Robert Doughton (D-NC); unknown person in shadow; Sen. Robert Wagner (D-NY); Rep. John Dingell (D-MI); unknown man in bowtie; Secretary of Labor, Frances Perkins; Sen. Pat Harrison (D-MS); and Rep. David Lewis (D-MD).



Major legislation




  • April 27, 1935: Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act, Sess. 1, ch. 85, 49 Stat. 163

  • July 5, 1935: National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act), Sess. 1, ch. 372, 49 Stat. 449

  • August 9, 1935: Motor Carrier Act, Sess. 1, ch. 498, 49 Stat. 546 (renamed part II of the Interstate Commerce Act)

  • August 14, 1935: Social Security Act, including Aid to Dependent Children, Old Age Pension Act, Pub.L. 74–271, Sess. 1, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620

  • August 23, 1935: Banking Act of 1935 49 Stat. 694

  • August 26, 1935: Public Utility Act (including: Title I: Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, Title II: Federal Power Act), Sess. 1, ch. 687, 49 Stat. 803

  • August 30, 1935: Revenue Act of 1935, Sess. 1, ch. 829, 49 Stat. 1014

  • August 31, 1935: Neutrality Act of 1935, Sess. 1, ch. 837, 49 Stat. 1081

  • February 29, 1936: Neutrality Act of 1936, Sess. 2, ch. 106, 49 Stat. 1153

  • May 20, 1936: Rural Electrification Act, Sess. 2, ch. 432, 49 Stat. 1363

  • June 15, 1936: Commodities Exchange Act, Sess. 2, ch. 545, 49 Stat. 1491

  • June 19, 1936: Robinson Patman Act, Sess. 2, ch. 592, 49 Stat. 1526

  • June 22, 1936: Flood Control Act of 1936, Pub.L. 74–738, Sess. 2, ch. 688

  • June 29, 1936: Merchant Marine Act, Sess. 2, ch. 250, 49 Stat. 1985

  • June 30, 1936: Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act, Sess. 2, ch. 881, 49 Stat. 2036`



Party summary



Senate













































































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Farmer-Labor
(FL)

Progressive
(P)

Republican
(R)
Other

End of the previous congress

60

1

0

35

0
96
0

Begin

68

1

1

25

0

95
1
End 72 22 96 0
Final voting share 7001750000000000000♠75.0% 7000100000000000000♠1.0% 7000100000000000000♠1.0% 7001229000000000000♠22.9% 5000000000000000000♠0.0%
Beginning of the next congress

75

2

1

16

1
95
1


House













































































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Farmer-Labor
(FL)

Progressive
(P)

Republican
(R)
Other

End of the previous congress

311

5

0

114

0
430
5

Begin

322

3

7

103

0

435
0
End 308 100 418 17
Final voting share 7001737000000000000♠73.7% 6999700000000000000♠0.7% 7000170000000000000♠1.7% 7001239000000000000♠23.9% 5000000000000000000♠0.0%
Beginning of the next congress

334

5

7

88

1
435
0


Leaders


Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R) • House: Majority (D), Minority (R)



Senate




  • President of the Senate:[4]John N. Garner (D)


  • President pro tempore: Key Pittman (D)



Majority (Democratic) leadership




  • Majority leader: Joseph T. Robinson


  • Assistant majority leader (Majority whip): J. Hamilton Lewis


  • Democratic Caucus Secretary: Hugo Black



Minority (Republican) leadership




  • Minority leader: Charles L. McNary


  • Assistant Minority leader (Minority whip): None[5]


  • Republican Conference Secretary: Frederick Hale



House of Representatives



  • Speaker: Jo Byrns (D), died June 4, 1936

    • William B. Bankhead (D), elected June 4, 1936



Majority (Democratic) leadership




  • Majority leader:


    • William B. Bankhead, until June 4, 1936

    • John J. O'Connor




  • Majority whip: Patrick J. Boland


  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: Edward T. Taylor


  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Patrick H. Drewry



Minority (Republican) leadership




  • Minority leader: Bertrand H. Snell


  • Minority whip: Harry L. Englebright


  • Republican Conference Chair: Frederick R. Lehlbach



Members



Senate


Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1936; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1938; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1940.













Percentage of members from each party by state at the opening of the 74th Congress, ranging from dark blue (most Democratic) to dark red (most Republican).



House of Representatives


The names of members are preceded by their district numbers.












Changes of Membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.



Senate































































































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

West Virginia
(1)
Vacant
Holt qualified late due to age.

Rush D. Holt, Sr. (D)
June 21, 1935

New Mexico
(1)

Bronson M. Cutting (R)
Died May 6, 1935.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election, and was subsequently elected.

Dennis Chavez (D)
May 11, 1935

Louisiana
(2)

Huey Long (D)
Died September 10, 1935.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Rose McConnell Long (D)
January 31, 1936

Minnesota
(2)

Thomas D. Schall (R)
Died December 22, 1935.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Elmer Austin Benson (FL)
December 27, 1935

Florida
(1)

Park Trammell (D)
Died May 8, 1936.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Scott Loftin (D)
May 26, 1936

Florida
(3)

Duncan U. Fletcher (D)
Died June 17, 1936.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

William Luther Hill (D)
July 1, 1936

Iowa
(3)

Richard L. Murphy (D)
Died July 16, 1936.
Successor was elected.

Guy Gillette (D)
November 3, 1936

Michigan
(2)

James J. Couzens (R)
Died October 22, 1936.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Prentiss M. Brown (D)
November 19, 1936

Minnesota
(2)

Elmer Austin Benson (FL)
Successor was elected November 3, 1936.

Guy V. Howard (R)
November 3, 1936

Florida
(1)

Scott Loftin (D)
Successor was elected November 3, 1936.

Charles O. Andrews (D)
November 4, 1936

Florida
(3)

William Luther Hill (D)
Successor was elected November 3, 1936.

Claude Pepper (D)
November 4, 1936

South Dakota
(3)

Peter Norbeck (R)
Died December 20, 1936.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.

Herbert E. Hitchcock (D)
December 29, 1936


House of Representatives




































































































































































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Indiana 2nd
Vacant
Rep.-elect Frederick Landis died before being sworn in

Charles A. Halleck (R)
January 29, 1935

Rhode Island 1st

Francis Condon (D)
Resigned January 10, 1935, after being appointed associate justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court

Charles Risk (R)
August 6, 1935

New York 22nd

Anthony J. Griffin (D)
Died January 13, 1935

Edward W. Curley (D)
November 5, 1935

Alabama 1st

John McDuffie (D)
Resigned March 2, 1935, after being appointed judge in US district court

Frank W. Boykin (D)
July 30, 1935

Illinois At-large

Michael L. Igoe (D)
Resigned June 2, 1935, after being appointed a US Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois
Vacant until the next Congress

Kentucky 4th

Cap R. Carden (D)
Died June 13, 1935

Edward W. Creal (D)
November 5, 1935

Ohio At-large

Charles V. Truax (D)
Died August 9, 1935

Daniel S. Earhart (D)
November 3, 1936

Illinois 23rd

William W. Arnold (D)
Resigned September 16, 1935, after being appointed a member of the US Board of Tax Appeals
Vacant until the next Congress

New York 2nd

William F. Brunner (D)
Resigned September 27, 1935, after being elected Sheriff of Queens County, New York

William B. Barry (D)
November 5, 1935

Michigan 3rd

Henry M. Kimball (R)
Died October 19, 1935

Verner Main (R)
December 17, 1935

Washington 6th

Wesley Lloyd (D)
Died January 10, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

Resident Commissioner to the US House of Representatives from the Philippine Islands

Francisco A. Delgado (NAC)
Resigned February 14, 1936, after a successor qualified in accordance to a new form of government

Quintin Paredes (NAC)
February 14, 1936

Resident Commissioner to the US House of Representatives from the Philippine Islands

Pedro Guevara (NAC)
Resigned February 14, 1936, after the 2nd seat was abolished
None

New York 9th

Stephen A. Rudd (D)
Died March 31, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

Ohio 11th

Mell G. Underwood (D)
Resigned April 10, 1936, after being appointed to the US District Court for the Southern District of Ohio

Peter F. Hammond (D)
November 3, 1936

Illinois 12th

John T. Buckbee (R)
Died April 23, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

New York 29th

William D. Thomas (R)
Died May 17, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

New Jersey 7th

Randolph Perkins (R)
Died May 25, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

Massachusetts 6th

A. Piatt Andrew (R)
Died June 3, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

Tennessee 5th

Jo Byrns (D)
Died June 4, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

Washington 5th

Samuel B. Hill (D)
Resigned June 25, 1936, after being appointed a member of the US Board of Tax Appeals
Vacant until the next Congress

Iowa 2nd

Bernhard M. Jacobsen (D)
Died June 30, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

Ohio 9th

Warren J. Duffey (D)
Died July 7, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

South Carolina 4th

John J. McSwain (D)
Died August 6, 1936

Gabriel H. Mahon, Jr. (D)
November 3, 1936

Washington 1st

Marion Zioncheck (D)
Died August 7, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

Kentucky 1st

William V. Gregory (D)
Died October 10, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress

Iowa 9th

Guy Gillette (D)
Resigned November 3, 1936, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Vacant until the next Congress

Michigan 11th

Prentiss M. Brown (D)
Resigned November 18, 1936, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate
Vacant until the next Congress

Kentucky 2nd

Glover H. Cary (D)
Died December 5, 1936
Vacant until the next Congress


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.











Joint committees




  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

  • Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers

  • The Library

  • Taxation



Caucuses




  • Democratic (House)


  • Democratic (Senate)



Employees




  • Architect of the Capitol: David Lynn


  • Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver


  • Comptroller General of the United States: John R. McCarl (until June 30, 1936), vacant thereafter


  • Librarian of Congress: Herbert Putnam


  • Public Printer of the United States: Augustus E. Giegengack



Senate



  • Parliamentarian:[2]Charles Watkins


House




  • Clerk: South Trimble


  • Doorkeeper: Joseph J. Sinnott


  • Postmaster: Finis E. Scott


  • Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler


  • Reading Clerks: Patrick Joseph Haltigan (until 1936) (D) and N/A (R)


  • Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth Romney


  • Chaplain: James Shera Montgomery - Methodist



See also




  • United States elections, 1934 (elections leading to this Congress)

    • United States Senate elections, 1934

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1934




  • United States elections, 1936 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)

    • United States presidential election, 1936

    • United States Senate elections, 1936 and 1937

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1936





References





  1. ^ "Huey Long Filibusters". senate.gov..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ ab "First Official Parliamentarian". senate.gov.


  3. ^ http://www.ssa.gov/history/1930.html


  4. ^ The Vice President of the United States serves as the President of the Senate. See U.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 3, Clause 4


  5. ^ No Republican whips were appointed from 1935 to 1944 since only 17 Republicans were in the Senate following the landslide reelection of President Franklin Roosevelt in 1936. Accordingly, the minutes of the Republican Conference for the period state: "On motion of Senator Hastings, duly seconded and carried, it was agreed that no Assistant Leader or Whip be elected but that the chairman be authorized to appoint Senators from time to time to assist him in taking charge of the interests of the minority." A note attached to the conference minutes added: "The chairman of the conference, Senator McNary, apparently appointed Senator Austin of Vermont as assistant leader in 1943 and 1944, until the conference adopted Rules of Organization." Source: Party Whips Archived 2010-03-09 at the Wayback Machine., via Senate.gov





  • Party divisions, via senate.gov


  • House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 74th Congress (PDF).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 74th Congress, 1st Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 74th Congress, 1st Session (Revision).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 74th Congress, 2nd Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 74th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).









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