丹波道主命

Multi tool use
丹波道主命(たんばのみちぬしのみこと/たには-、生卒年不詳),《古事記》《日本書紀》等记录的古代日本皇孫。
《日本書紀》作丹波道主命、丹波道主王,《古事記》作丹波比古多多須美知能宇斯王(たんばひこたたすみちのうし/たには-)。
第9代開化天皇之孫,第12代景行天皇的外祖父。为四道将軍之一,派遣到丹波。
家庭
《日本書紀》垂仁天皇条记载,丹波道主命是第9代開化天皇的皇孫。父亲是開化天皇皇子彦坐王(ひこいますのみこ)。
《古事記》開化天皇段记载,父亲是日子坐王(彦坐王)、母亲是天之御影神之女息長水依比卖娘(おきながのみずよりひめ)。同母弟妹有水之穂真若王(近淡海安直之祖)、神大根王(八瓜入日子王:三野国本巢国造,長幡部連之祖)、水穗五百依比卖、御井津比卖。
《日本書紀》没有記載他的妻子,子女有日葉酢媛、渟葉田瓊入媛、真砥野媛、薊瓊入媛、竹野媛。《古事記》開化天皇段記載他的妻子为丹波之河上之摩須郎女(たんばのかわかみのますのいらつめ),記載子女有比婆須比卖命、真砥野比卖命、弟比卖命、朝廷別王,垂仁天皇序段記載子女有氷羽州比卖命、沼羽田之入毘卖命、阿邪美能伊理毘卖命,後段記載子女有比婆須比卖命、弟比卖命、歌凝比卖命、円野比卖命。
- 妃:丹波之河上之摩須郎女(日本書紀記載)
日葉酢媛命(日本書紀。古事記作比婆須比売命/氷羽州比卖命) - 第11代垂仁天皇皇后,第12代景行天皇、倭姬命等之母。
- 真砥野媛(日本書紀。古事記作真砥野比売命/圆野比卖命) - 丹波之河上之摩須郎女子。垂仁天皇妃。
- 弟比卖命(古事記。日本書紀没有記載) - 丹波之河上之摩須郎女所生。
- 朝廷別王(古事記。日本書紀没有記載) - 丹波之河上之摩須郎女所生。三川穗別祖。
- 妃:没有記載
- 渟葉田瓊入媛(日本書紀。古事記:沼羽田之入毘卖命) - 垂仁天皇妃。
- 薊瓊入媛(日本書紀。古事記:阿邪美能伊理毘卖命) - 垂仁天皇妃。
- 竹野媛(日本書紀。古事記没有記載)
- 歌凝比卖命(古事記。日本書紀没有記載)
事迹
《日本書紀》崇神天皇10年9月9日条派遣丹波道主命到丹波,同时派遣大彦命到北陸,派遣武渟川別到東海,派遣吉備津彦命到西道,总称四道将軍。将軍於崇神天皇10年10月22日出发,崇神天皇11年4月28日報告平定。
同書垂仁天皇5年10月条,皇后狭穗姬命之兄狭穗彦王謀反,皇后自殺。自殺前她進言天皇让丹波道主命的五个女儿入後宮。後五人中竹野媛返回本国,日葉酢媛命为皇后生下了景行天皇和倭姬命。

雲部陵墓参考地(兵庫県篠山市)
宮内厅认定的丹波道主命墓传承地。
脚注
参考文献
丹波道主命. 日本古代氏族人名辞典 普及版. 吉川弘文館. 2010. ISBN 978-4642014588.
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