反向旋转螺旋桨

Multi tool use
提示:本条目的主题不是
同轴反转螺旋桨。
反向旋转螺旋桨
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派珀PA-44飞机上的一对反向旋转螺旋桨
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反向旋转螺旋桨(Counter-rotating propellers),也称对转螺旋桨常见于双引擎或者多引擎的固定翼飞机,指的是其两侧的螺旋桨转动的角速度方向相反。
大多数传统的螺旋桨飞机,其两侧的螺旋桨转动的方向其实是相反的。通常情况下,如果从飞行员座舱往前看去,左手侧螺旋桨为顺时针转动、右手侧为逆时针转动,也即在上半圈往里转。反向旋转螺旋的设计目的是要减少螺旋桨的扭矩和非对称负载(P-因子)对飞机稳定性的影响。
有个别的飞机制造商生产出一类特殊的反向旋转螺旋桨,其左右的转动方向与普通的飞机均相反,因此两侧的螺旋桨叶片均在上半圈往外转、下半圈往里转。这种设计最早使用在P-38闪电式战斗机上,目的是为了增加机鼻机炮的精准度。除此以外,二战时德国的亨舍尔Hs 129攻击机,亨克尔He 177轰炸机以及梅塞希密特Me 323运输机均采用了这种独特的设计。
航空器活塞發動機元件、系統及術語
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活塞發動機 |
機械部件 |
- 凸轮轴
- 连杆
- 连杆
- 曲轴
- 气缸
- 汽缸蓋
- Gudgeon pin
- 液压挺杆
- 主轴承
- 密封圈
- 油泵
- 活塞
- 活塞环
- 提升阀
- 推杆
- 摇臂
- 套筒阀
- 挺杆
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電器元件 |
- 发电机
- 電容放電式點火
- 双点火
- 发电机
- 燃料噴射裝置
- 点火系统
- 点火磁电机
- 火星塞
- 起动机
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術語 |
- 风冷引擎
- 飞机引擎启动
- 缸径
- 壓縮比
- 止点
- 排气量
- 四冲程循环
- 馬力
- 点火时间
- 歧管真空
- 平均有效压力
- 自然进气发动机
- Monosoupape
- 顶置凸轮轴
- 顶置气门引擎
- 旋转发动机
- Shock cooling
- 冲程
- Time between overhaul
- 两冲程循环
- 阀门正时
- 容積效率
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螺旋槳 |
組件 |
- Propeller governor
- Propeller speed reduction unit
- Spinner
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術語 |
- Autofeather
- Blade pitch
- Constant-speed
- 同轴反转螺旋桨
- 反向旋转螺旋桨
- Scimitar
- Single-blade
- Variable-pitch
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發動機儀表 |
- 告警面板
- EFIS
- EICAS
- 飛行紀錄儀
- 玻璃驾驶舱
- Hobbs meter
- 轉速表
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飛機發動機控制 |
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燃料及誘導系統
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- 航空汽油
- 化油器
- 燃料噴射裝置
- 燃油过滤器
- 入口歧管
- 中冷器
- Pressure carburetor
- 机械增压器
- 渦輪增壓器
- Updraft carburetor
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其它系統 |
- 輔助動力系統
- 科夫曼起动器
- 液压液系统
- 防冰系统
- Recoil start
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