浮游動物







北方磷蝦




File:Crystal jelly (Aequorea victoria).webm播放媒体


維多利亞多管發光水母





浮蠶屬生物


浮游動物屬於浮游生物的一類，通常為異營生物。與其他的浮游生物一樣，它們漂浮在水面上，因而得名。它們通常都是小型的原生動物，但也包括一些較大型動物的幼體，以浮游细菌、浮游植物或其他的浮游動物為食，反過來亦是其他一些大型動物的食物。


主要的原生浮游動物包括有孔蟲、放射蟲和雙鞭毛蟲。大型的浮游動物則包括部分刺胞动物门（例如一些水母）、甲壳亚门（例如橈腳類和介形蟲）、毛颚动物门、软体动物门（例如翼足目）和脊索動物門（例如紐鰓樽科和一些魚類幼體）的動物。


和浮游植物一樣，它們成群結隊地漂浮在水面上，依照對水溫和鹽分等外部環境的適應性，分佈于不同的區域[1]。所有外部因素中，以上升流和沉降流導致的營養物質變化為最[1]。


浮游動物有時也會成爲疾病庫。比如一些甲殼綱的浮游生物會攜帶著可能引發霍亂的霍亂弧菌，後者以甲殼綱生物的外骨骼為食。[2]



參考文獻





  1. ^ 1.01.1 Lalli, C.M. & Parsons, T.R. Biological Oceanography An Introduction. 30 Corporate Drive, Burlington, MA 01803: Elsevier. 1993: 314. ISBN 0-7506-3384-0. 


  2. ^
    Jude, B.A., Kirn, T.J., Taylor R.K. A colonization factor links Vibrio cholerae environmental survival and human infection. Nature. 2005, 438 (7069): 863–6. PMID 16341015. doi:10.1038/nature04249. 




外部連接




  • SAHFOS Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science


  • Ocean Drifters Short film narrated by David Attenborough about the varied roles of plankton


  • Sea Drifters BBC Audio slideshow


  • Plankton Chronicles Short documentary films & photos


  • COPEPOD: The global plankton database. A global coverage database of zooplankton biomass and abundance data.


  • Plankton*Net @ Roscoff, images of planktonic species


  • Guide to the marine zooplankton of south eastern Australia, Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute

  • Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder Project




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