侧鳃科







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側鰓科

Pleurobranchus forskali.jpg

Pleurobranchus forskalii

科学分类 编辑
界：
动物界 Animalia
门：
軟體動物門 Mollusca
纲：
腹足纲 Gastropoda
目：
側鰓目 Pleurobranchida
总科：
側鰓總科 Pleurobranchoidea
科：
側鰓科 Pleurobranchidae
Gray, 1827 [1]

模式属

Pleurobranchus
Cuvier, 1804

亞科


  • Pleurobranchinae Gray, 1827

    • Tribe Pleurobranchini Gray, 1827

    • Tribe Bathyberthellini Garcia, Troncoso, Cervera & Garcia-Gomez, 1996

    • Tribe Berthellini Burn, 1962



  • Pleurobranchaeinae Pilsbry, 1896



異名[2]



  • Bathyberthellini Garcia, Troncoso, Cervera & Garcia-Gomez, 1996


  • Berthellinae Burn, 1962


  • Pleurobranchinae Gray, 1827







Pleurobranchaea meckelii


侧鳃科（學名：Pleurobranchidae），亦作側鰓海牛科，是分類學上海蛞蝓的一個科、海洋腹足綱軟體動物側鰓類支序的成員。過往是背楯目之下的一個科[3]，現時是裸側類支序的成員。
Species in the family Pleurobranchidae have a prominent mantle and an internal shell that becomes reduced or is lost completely in adults.[4] Some adult species have been seen feeding on ascidians. Larval pleurobranchids can be planktotrophic (feeding on plankton), lecithotrophic (deriving nutrition from yolk), or direct developing.


Many species produce secretions from their rich glandular mantle as a chemical defense against predators.[5]
Even the production of sulfuric acid has been reported.[6]




目录






  • 1 分類


    • 1.1 Subfamily Pleurobranchinae


    • 1.2 無殼側鰓亞科




  • 2 參考資料


  • 3 外部連結





分類


Until 2005, this family was placed in the suborder Notaspidea. However, in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the family Pleurobranchidae was placed in the superfamily Pleurobranchoidea, the only family belonging to the subclade Pleurobranchomorpha (sister to the subclade Nudibranchia), part of the clade Nudipleura.


以下為本科之下的屬和物種[3][7]：




  • Berthellina

    • Berthellina citrina (Ruppell et Leuckart, 1828)



  • Pleurobranchus


    • Pleurobranchus forskalii (Ruppell et Leuckart, 1828)


    • 明月侧鳃 Euselenops luniceps (Cuvier, 1817)[8]





Subfamily Pleurobranchinae




  • Bathyberthella

    • Bathyberthella antarctica Willan and Bertsch, 1987 [9]



  • Berthella de Blainville, 1824


    • Berthella africana Pruvot-Fol, 1953 [10]


    • Berthella agassizi MacFarland, 1909


    • Berthella americana A. E. Verrill, 1885


    • Berthella aurantiaca Risso, 1818


    • Berthella caledonica Dall, 1900


    • Berthella californica Dall, 1900 California sidegill slug


    • Berthella canariensis Cervera, J.L., T.M. Gosliner, J.C. García-Gómez & J. Ortea, 2000


    • Berthella elongata Cantraine, 1835


    • Berthella martensi Pilsbry, 1896


    • Berthella medietas R. Burn, 1962


    • Berthella ocellata delle Chiaje, 1830


    • Berthella ornata T.F. Cheeseman, 1878


    • Berthella patagonica d'Orbigny, 1837


    • Berthella platei Bergh, 1898 [11]


    • Berthella plumula Montagu, 1803


    • Berthella sideralis Lovén, 1846


    • Berthella stellata Risso, 1826


    • Berthella strongi MacFarland, 1966


    • Berthella tamiu Ev. Marcus, 1984 [12]


    • Berthella tupala Er. Marcus, 1957




  • Berthellina Gardiner, 1936


    • Berthellina amarillus Mattox, 1953


    • Berthellina americanus Verrill, 1885


    • Berthellina circularis Mörch, 1863


    • Berthellina citrina Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828 (synonym of Gymnotoplax citrina Er. Marcus, 1957 )


    • Berthellina delicata W.H. Pease, 1861


    • Berthellina edwardsi Vayssière, 1897


    • Berthellina engeli Gardiner, 1936


    • Berthellina granulata (Krauss, 1848)


    • Berthellina ilisima Marcus, Er. & Ev. Marcus, 1967


    • Berthellina quadridens Mörch, 1863 (junior synonym of Gymnotoplax quadridens)[13]




  • Boreoberthella Martynov & Schrödl, 2009


  • Bouvieria Vayssière, 1896 : synonym of Berthella Blainville, 1824


    • Bouvieria auriantiaca Risso, 1813


    • Bouvieria ocellata S. delle Chiaje, 1828


    • Bouvieria perforata Philippi, 1844




  • Gigantonotum: synonym of Berthella Blainville, 1824

    • Gigantonotum album Lin, G. & S. Tchang, 1965



  • Gymnotoplax Pilsbry, 1896 : synonym of Berthella Blainville, 1824


    • Gymnotoplax citrina Er. Marcus, 1957


    • Gymnotoplax engeli Gardiner, 1936

    • Gymnotoplax quadridens




  • Oscanius Leach, 1847 : synonym of Pleurobranchus Cuvier, 1804

    • Oscanius tuberculatus Meckel, 1808



  • Parabathyberthella: synonym of Bathyberthella Willan, 1983


    • Parabathyberthella eltanini Dell, 1990


    • Parabathyberthella orcadensis Talavera, F.G., J.C. García-Gómez, J.S. Troncoso & J.L. Cervera, 1994




  • Pleurehdera Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1970

    • Pleurehdera haraldi Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1970



  • Pleurobranchus Cuvier, 1805


  • Polictenidia: synonym of Bathyberthella Willan, 1983

    • Polictenidia tomasi Talavera, F.G., J.S. Troncoso, J.L. Cervera & J.C. García-Gómez, 1996



  • Susania: synonym of Pleurobranchus Cuvier, 1804

    • Susania testudinaria Cantraine, F.J., 1840 (synonym of Pleurobranchus testudinarius)



  • Tomthompsonia

    • Tomthompsonia antarctica Thiele, 1912




無殼側鰓亞科


無殼側鰓亞科（Pleurobranchaeinae）現時被提升為無殼側鰓科（Pleurobranchaeidae Pilsbry, 1896）。



參考資料





  1. ^ Encyclopaedia metropolitana, Volume 7, Plates to Zoology; plate Mollusca III (plate 4)


  2. ^ Bouchet, P. (2011). Pleurobranchidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2011-06-30


  3. ^ 3.03.1 Notaspidea 背楯目. TaiBIF. [2018-03-20] （中文（繁體）‎）. 


  4. ^ R. Willan. Phylogenetic systematics of the Notaspidea (Opisthobranchia) with a reappraisal of families and genera. Am. Malacol. Bull. 1987, 5: 215–241. 


  5. ^ Aldo Spinella; Ernesto Mollo; Enrico Trivellone; Guido Cimino. Testudinariol A and B, two unusual triterpenoids from the skin and the mucus of the marine mollusc Pleurobranchus testudinarius. Tetrahedron. December 1997, 53 (49): 16891–16896. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(97)10124-7. 


  6. ^ T. Thompson. Acidic allomones in marine organisms. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK. 1988, 68 (3): 499–517. doi:10.1017/S0025315400043368. 


  7. ^ WoRMS. ?. World Register of Marine Species. [2018-03-20]. 


  8. ^ Cuvier G. (1817). Le Règne Animal. volume 2 (Gasteropodes): page 396; volume 4 (Plates): plate 11, figure 2.


  9. ^ Francisco José García; José Carlos García-Gómez; Jesús S. Troncoso; Juan Lucas Cervera. A descriptive study of some Antarctic notaspidean opisthobranchs (Gastropoda), with description of a new genus and species. Polar Biology. May 1994, 14 (4): 261–268. doi:10.1007/bf00239174. 


  10. ^ Cervera et al. (2000). A new species of Berthella Blainville, 1824 (Opisthobranchia: Notaspidea) from the Canary Islands (Eastern Atlantic Ocean), with a re-examination of the phylogenetic relationships of the Notaspidea. J.Moll. Stud., 66: 3001-311.


  11. ^ Michael Schrödl. The genus Berthella Blainville, 1825 (Notaspidea, : Pleurobranchidae) from Magellanic waters. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 1999, 65 (4): 399–409. doi:10.1093/mollus/65.4.399. 


  12. ^ Marcus, Ev. 1984. The Western Atlantic warm water Notaspidea (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia), Parte 2 Boletim de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo 8 p. 43-76.


  13. ^ Mörch, 1863. Contributions à la faune malacologique des Antilles danoises Journal de Conchyliologie 11 21-43.




外部連結






维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：侧鳃科



  • Scientists just collected a mysterious 'purple orb' at the bottom of the ocean, but no one could anticipate what happened next (Video). Business Insider. July 30, 2016 [July 30, 2016]. 

  • Richard C. Willan, Description of a New Pleurobranch (Opisthobranchia, Notaspidea) from Antarctic with a review of Notaspideans from South Polar Seas; The Veliger 29 (3), 1987 p. 292-302





物種識別信息


  • 維基數據: Q3167714

  • 維基物種: Pleurobranchidae

  • ADW: pictures

  • EoL: 2535

  • Fossilworks: 61818

  • GBIF: 7053

  • iNaturalist: 49900

  • IRMNG: 112546

  • ITIS: 78123

  • NBN: NHMSYS0021056273

  • NCBI: 71291

  • NZOR: 8b37ee4d-dc4f-4304-82b3-4794e27633da

  • uBio: 506747

  • WoRMS: 1755



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