阮秉謙






























儒家
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阮秉謙（越南语：Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm／.mw-parser-output .han-nom{font-family:"Nom Na Tong","Han-Nom Gothic","HAN NOM A","HAN NOM B","Ming-Lt-HKSCS-UNI-H","Ming-Lt-HKSCS-ExtB","FZKaiT-Extended","FZKaiT-Extended(SIP)","FZKaiS-Extended","FZKaiS-Extended(SIP)","Sun-ExtA","Sun-ExtB","MingLiU","MingLiU-ExtB","MingLiU_HKSCS","MingLiU_HKSCS-ExtB","SimSun","SimSun-ExtB",sans-serif}
阮秉謙，1491年－1585年），字亨甫，號白雲居士，別號雪江夫子。越南南北朝時期的哲學家、教育家、儒者和詩人，也是後世高台教的「聖人」之一。




目录






  • 1 生平


  • 2 参考文献


  • 3 延伸閱讀


  • 4 外部連結





生平


阮秉謙出生在海陽省永賴縣的中庵鄉（今屬海防市）。他曾師從於榜眼梁得朋（Lương Đắc Bằng）學習儒學，並於1535年參加莫朝的科舉考試，連中三元，成為狀元，時年45歲。隨後阮秉謙歷任莫朝的吏部左侍郎、東閣大學士、吏部尚書等官職，封程國公。由於他是狀元，因此民間稱他為程狀元（越南语：Trạng Trình／
狀程）。


1542年，由於上書彈劾朝廷官員的貪污腐敗行為而被壓制，憤而辭官歸隱。阮秉謙在自己的家鄉開辦學校，教授儒學。馮克寬（外交官）、梁有慶（Lương Hữu Khánh）、阮嶼（Nguyễn Dữ，《傳奇漫錄》的作者）都是阮秉謙的學生。


在南北朝動盪的年代，阮秉謙成為了各路勢力的拉攏目標。隨著莫朝在內戰中的垮臺，阮主和鄭主分別控制了越南的南北部，鄭檢和阮潢在爭權奪利中都曾徵求過他的意見。對於鄭主，阮秉謙建議他重建後黎朝並挾持黎皇號令天下；而對於阮主，他則建議在未開發的越南南部地區建立一個根據地。鄭檢和阮潢都聽從了他的意見，使得雙方的政治和軍事實力達到了互相抗衡，並持續了200年之久。1585年（莫朝延成八年），阮秉謙对皇帝莫茂洽说：“他日国有事故，高平虽小，可延数世福。”1592年鄭松攻陷昇龍之後，莫朝果然偏安於高平。如此高明的建議，使得阮秉謙擁有了能夠預知未來的智者的名聲。


除此之外，阮秉謙也是一位詩人，著有許多漢詩和喃詩，其中有不少流傳至今。同時他也是一位預言家，被稱作「越南的諾斯特拉達姆士」。其著名的著作《程狀讖（越南语：Sấm Trạng Trình）》就是其所作。在這篇著作裡暗示了未來即將發生的事情，十分神秘。


阮秉謙同孫中山、維克多·雨果，被後世的高台教併稱為高台教的「三聖」。現在越南不少城市的街道以他的名字命名。[1]



参考文献





  1. ^ Vietnam Country Map. Periplus Travel Maps. 2002–03. ISBN 0-7946-0070-0.




延伸閱讀


.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}


  • Ta Ngoc Lien Renowned Vietnamese Intellectuals: Nguyen Binh Khiem, The Gioi Publishers, 2004.

  • Nguyễn Huyền Anh. Việt Nam Danh Nhân Từ Điển （越南文）

  • Phạm Thế Ngữ. Việt Nam Văn Học Sử. （越南文）


  • 陳仲金《越南史略》




外部連結




  • （越南文）Tổng kết, diễn giải về sấm Trạng Trình[永久失效連結] trên LifeLOG (lifelog.ddo.jp)


  • （越南文）Trạng Trình Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm với Đạo Cao Đài



























规范控制


  • WorldCat Identities

  • BNF: cb12328881b (data)

  • FAST: 176566

  • GND: 124253067

  • ISNI: 0000 0000 6306 1119

  • LCCN: n85245120

  • SUDOC: 032214804

  • VIAF: 73923698



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