国家认同




國族認同（又稱為國家認同、民族認同，又可稱為「國家身分」、「民族身分」、「國族身分」）是人對於國家或民族的歸屬感或認同感。這是種將國族視為一凝聚整體的觀念，通常以一個國家或民族獨特的傳統、文化、語言和政治作為代表。國族認同也可以指自己與另一群分享同一個國族的主觀感覺，無論該人的法律公民地位為何，例如在日朝鮮人在法律地位上是日本公民，也不具備朝鮮公民的身分，但這不妨礙在日朝鮮人以朝鮮做為自己的國族認同。國族認同被視為是心理學詞彙，用來表示「差異之覺察」、「『我群』與『他者』的認知與感覺」。


國族認同的積極表現是愛國主義，其特徵是對於自身所屬國族的驕傲感和對自身所屬國族的積極熱愛情緒。國族認同的極端表現則是沙文主義，其特徵是堅信自身所屬國族具有優越性以及極端忠誠於自身所屬國族。




目录






  • 1 國族認同的形成


  • 2 另见


  • 3 注释


  • 4 参考





國族認同的形成


國族認同並非天生就有的特質，其本質上是社會建構。一人國族認同的結果直接由其在日常生活中的接觸到的共同元素而來，例如：國族符號、語言、顏色、國族史、血統、文化、音樂、服裝、廣播、電視以及其他等等。在各種不同的社會影響下，人們藉由採納不同信念、價值而將國族認同融入到個人認同內。對於自身所屬國族認同者會將國族信念和價值視為是對自身有意義的，並將這些信念和價值在日常生活中的實踐。



另见



  • 身份認同

  • 民族主義



注释





参考


  • 國家教育研究院雙語詞彙


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